{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T06:52:00Z","timestamp":1761807120107},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,11]],"date-time":"2004-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1100131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The presence and expression of <jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>sopD1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> sopE1<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic> avrA<\/jats:italic> genes encoding virulence associated effector proteins were studied comparatively in 405<jats:italic> Salmonella enterica <\/jats:italic>strains. They belong to different serovars and clonal types (genotypes, phage types) and originated from different clinical (systemic infection, focal enteritis, enterocolitis) and epidemic sources (epidemics, sporadic cases). The <jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sopD1<\/jats:italic> determinants were commonly prevalent, but<jats:italic> sopE1 <\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic> avrA <\/jats:italic>genes only in 55% and 80%, respectively. A correlation of this pattern of absence and presence of the respective genes to the epidemic and clinical origin could not be detected. In contrast, the expression of the respective genes appeared differently: SopB and SopE1 proteins are well produced, but SopD1 and AvrA proteins only rarely under the applied standard culture conditions. However, using a range of different environmental signals (temperature, pH, cations, <jats:italic>etc.<\/jats:italic>) some of the <jats:italic>S. enterica<\/jats:italic> nonproducer strains (<jats:italic>e.\u00a0g.<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Agona, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Bovismorbificans, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Virchow, <jats:italic>etc<\/jats:italic>.) begin to produce AvrA and SopD1. They turned now into an expression profile which was found typically for the epidemic strains of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhimurium and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Enteritidis. Also<jats:italic> S. enterica<\/jats:italic> strains from systemic infections could be characterized by their strong SopB and SopE1 expression while SopD1 and AvrA proteins were missing. Although it is premature to outline generally a correlation of these expression profiles and the clinical and epidemiological potency of Salmonellae, the reported results allow a first understanding how a fine tuning of their virulence will take place.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200400035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,11]],"date-time":"2004-11-11T09:16:33Z","timestamp":1100164593000},"page":"496-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Expression profiles of effector proteins SopB, SopD1, SopE1, and AvrA differ with systemic, enteric, and epidemic strains of <i> Salmonella enterica<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Wiebke","family":"Streckel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Christin","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Prager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erhard","family":"Tietze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Tsch\u00e4pe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318832"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0505.990502"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-002-0420-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","unstructured":"Popoff M. 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