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In this review, we will summarize the available evidence on the modification of bacterial metabolism by dietary intervention with pre\u2010, pro\u2010 and synbiotics. Enhanced production of SCFA as a marker of increased saccharolytic fermentation is well documented in animal and<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>studies. Decreased production of potentially toxic protein fermentation metabolites, such as sulfides, phenolic and indolic compounds, has been less frequently demonstrated. Besides, pre\u2010, pro\u2010 and synbiotics also affect other metabolic pathways such as the deconjugation of secondary bile acids, bacterial enzyme activities and mineral absorption. Data from human studies are less conclusive. The emergence of new analytical techniques such as metabolite profiling has revealed new pathways affected by dietary intervention. However, an important challenge for current and future research is to relate changes in bacterial metabolism to concrete health benefits. Potential targets and expected benefits have been identified: reduced risk for the metabolic syndrome and prevention of colorectal cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201000451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,23]],"date-time":"2010-11-23T10:42:47Z","timestamp":1290508967000},"page":"46-57","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":130,"title":["The impact of pre\u2010 and\/or probiotics on human colonic metabolism: Does it affect human health?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Vicky","family":"De Preter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrike M","family":"Hamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Windey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Verbeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1124234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-004-1205-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104816"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/3445"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/125.6.1401"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1992.tb04882.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1991.tb02739.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/62.2.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-002-1101-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01934.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/45.5.1243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19960177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/NRR200377"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.3.1031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN2000259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2002224"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2003.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.1988.tb01269.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90595-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00956.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03562.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.8.2022S"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1996.tb04331.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.1.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO Expert Consultation. 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