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Folate deficiency favors the progression of liver disease through mechanisms that include its effects on methionine metabolism with consequences for DNA synthesis and stability and the epigenetic regulation of gene expression involved in pathways of liver injury. This paper reviews the pathogenesis of ALD with particular focus on ethanol\u2010induced alterations in methionine metabolism, which may act in synergy with folate deficiency to decrease antioxidant defense as well as DNA stability while regulating epigenetic mechanisms of relevant gene expressions. We also review the current evidence available on potential treatments of ALD based on correcting abnormalities in methionine metabolism and the methylation regulation of relevant gene expressions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201200077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,8]],"date-time":"2012-11-08T11:00:56Z","timestamp":1352372456000},"page":"596-606","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Folate, alcohol, and liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Medici","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of California Davis  Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Halsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of California Davis  Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02869.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01340.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"The epidemiology of alcoholic liver disease","volume":"27","author":"Mann R.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol Res. 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