{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T17:45:52Z","timestamp":1787939152479,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,4]],"date-time":"2012-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nestl\u00e9 Research Centre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Scope<\/jats:title><jats:p>Until now, the question of how the ingested doses of chlorogenic acids (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content>) from coffee influence their absorption and metabolism remains unresolved. To assess absorption in the small intestine, we performed a dose\u2010response study with a randomized, double\u2010blinded, crossover design with ileostomist subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After a polyphenol\u2010free diet, the volunteers consumed, on three separate occasions, coffee with different total <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> contents (high 4525 \u03bcmol; medium 2219 \u03bcmol; low 1053 \u03bcmol). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> concentrations in plasma, ileal effluent, and urine were subsequently determined by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPLC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> and \u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>. The results show that the consumption of higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> concentrations leads to a faster ileal excretion. This corresponds to a renal excretion of 8.0 \u00b1 4.9% (high), 12.1 \u00b1 6.7% (medium), and 14.6 \u00b1 6.8% (low) of total <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> and metabolites. Glucuronidation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> became slightly greater with increasing dose. After enzyme treatment, the area under the curve (AUC)<jats:sub>0\u20138h<\/jats:sub> for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> metabolites in plasma was 4412 \u00b1 751 nM \u00d7 h<jats:sub>0\u20138<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (high), 2394 \u00b1 637 nM \u00d7 h<jats:sub>0\u20138<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (medium), 1782 \u00b1 731 nM \u00d7 h<jats:sub>0\u20138<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (low), respectively. Additionally, we were able to identify new metabolites of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> in urine and ileal fluid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conclude that the consumption of high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> concentrations via coffee might influence the gastrointestinal transit time and consequently affect <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> absorption and metabolism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201200222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,4]],"date-time":"2012-09-04T10:21:16Z","timestamp":1346754076000},"page":"1488-1500","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Dose\u2010dependent absorption of chlorogenic acids in the small intestine assessed by coffee consumption in 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