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BXs were formerly identified in and isolated from selected dicot medicinal plants and young cereal plants. Recently, BXs were found to be present in mature cereal grains and bakery products, such that knowledge about the pharmacological properties of BXs, which until now have unknowingly been consumed through the daily bread and breakfast cereals, has come into new focus. This review discusses published results from in vitro studies and a few human and animal model studies on the health effects and pharmacological responses of various BX compounds. Many of these studies have reported antimicrobial, anticancer, reproductive system stimulatory, central nervous system stimulatory, immunoregulatory, and appetite\u2010 and weight\u2010reducing effects of BXs and\/or BX derivatives. The health benefits of wholegrain intake may be associated with the solitary and\/or overlapping biological effects of fibers, lignans, phenolic acids, alkylresorcinols, BXs, and other bioactive compounds. In the context of BXs as dietary ingredients, further comprehensive investigations are required to understand their biological functions, to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, to explore their potential contribution on the health effects associated with wholegrain consumption, and to examine their potential as functional food ingredients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201400717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,19]],"date-time":"2015-01-19T13:41:55Z","timestamp":1421674915000},"page":"1324-1338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Benzoxazinoids: Cereal phytochemicals with putative therapeutic and health\u2010protecting properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Khem B.","family":"Adhikari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Slagelse Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fariha","family":"Tanwir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Slagelse Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per L.","family":"Gregersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Slagelse Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stine K.","family":"Steffensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Slagelse Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bettina M.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Clinic Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars K.","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Clinic Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claus H.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Medicine and Rheumatology University of Copenhagen Rigshospitalet Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"H\u00f8yer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Aarhus University Hospital Skejby Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Borre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inge S.","family":"Fomsgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Slagelse Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3891\/acta.chem.scand.14-0499"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3891\/acta.chem.scand.14-0502"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3891\/acta.chem.scand.13-1906"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a cyclic hydroxamate from Zea mays","volume":"39","author":"Hamilton R. 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