{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:36:58Z","timestamp":1790998618563,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,17]],"date-time":"2018-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003712","name":"Korea Food Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E0150302\u201003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E0150302\u201003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003712","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Scope<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a bioactive component of honeybee hives, on the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by comparing the efficacy of CAPE intake at the beginning of obesity and after obesity. The functional mechanism of CAPE was also investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>C57BL\/6 mice were fed a high\u2010fat diet (HFD) containing 0.05% CAPE (HFD+C) for 12\u00a0weeks (HFD+C(Pre) group) or received HFD+C for 6\u00a0weeks after consuming the HFD for 6\u00a0weeks (HFD+C(Post) group). Both CAPE\u2010fed groups showed significant improvements in body weight, fatty liver, inflammation, and insulin resistance, but not serum lipid levels. Hyperlipidemia was only ameliorated in the HFD+C(Pre). Adipose tissue (AT) remodeling occurred in the CAPE\u2010fed groups. Specifically, CAPE induced PPAR\u2010\u03b3 activation, resulting in adipogenesis, a smaller and more uniform distribution of adipocytes, and decreased immune cell penetration and inflammation; CAPE also improved the disturbed pattern of adipokine secretion. Hypoxia was improved by promoting angiogenesis in AT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CAPE ameliorates metabolic disease by inducing PPAR\u2010\u03b3 activation and AT remodeling. Additionally, this study reveals that the intake of CAPE after obesity, as well as in the early stage of obesity, helps in the prevention and treatment of MetS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201700701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,6]],"date-time":"2018-03-06T02:58:44Z","timestamp":1520305124000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Improves Metabolic Syndrome by Activating PPAR\u2010\u03b3 and Inducing Adipose Tissue Remodeling in Diet\u2010Induced Obese Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Soon\u2010Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Korea Food Research Institute  Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee\u2010Sook","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Korea Food Research Institute  Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moon Ju","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Korea Food Research Institute  Seongnam Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Food Biotechnology University of Science and Technology  Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haeng Jeon","family":"Hur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Korea Food Research Institute  Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Young","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Korea Food Research Institute  Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5020-3397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myung\u2010Sunny","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Korea Food Research Institute  Seongnam Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Food Biotechnology University of Science and Technology  Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1","volume":"13","author":"Ervin R. 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