{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:35:36Z","timestamp":1777937736426,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,9]],"date-time":"2018-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13SDG14410043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13SDG14410043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008114","name":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\u201067017\u201026781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\u201067017\u201026781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008114","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Scope<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gamma\u2010tocotrienol (\u03b3T3), an unsaturated isoform of vitamin E, is implicated in the hepatoprotective effects. The aim is to determine the effectiveness of \u03b3T3 on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>C57BL\/6 male mice are fed a diet containing high fat (45%) and cholesterol (0.2%) along with sucrose drink (HFCS) or HFCS diet supplemented with 0.1% \u03b3T3 (HFCS\u00a0+\u00a0\u03b3T3). The inclusion of \u03b3T3 robustly decreases the HFCS diet\u2010induced de novo lipogenesis (DNL), ER stress, and inflammation leading to reduced hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Next, mice are fed a methionine\u2010 and choline\u2010deficient (MCD) diet or MCD diet with \u03b3T3 (MCD\u00a0+\u00a0\u03b3T3). The \u03b3T3 supplementation significantly reduces the MCD diet\u2010induced hepatic ER stress and fibrosis despite the minimal impact on steatosis. To further investigate the role of ER stress, the mice with genetic ablation of CHOP are fed an MCD or MCD\u00a0+\u00a0\u03b3T3 diet. CHOP deletion abolishes the \u03b3T3\u2010mediated suppression of hepatic fibrosis, suggesting that modulation of ER stress is a prerequisite to inhibit hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u03b3T3 supplementation is effective in attenuating NAFLD and fibrosis through a synergistic mechanism of decreased DNL and hepatic ER stress. This work strongly supports the translational potential of \u03b3T3 supplementation against NAFLD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201800519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,5]],"date-time":"2018-09-05T10:59:31Z","timestamp":1536145171000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Gamma\u2010Tocotrienol Attenuates the Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Yongeun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska\u2010Lincoln  Lincoln NE 68583 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sathish Kumar","family":"Natarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska\u2010Lincoln  Lincoln NE 68583 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soonkyu","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska\u2010Lincoln  Lincoln NE 68583 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2015.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"265","volume":"3","author":"M I.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. 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