{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T03:47:18Z","timestamp":1780544838855,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31772084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31772084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Scope<\/jats:title><jats:p>Punicalagin (PU)\u2010rich pomegranate peel extract has been shown before to exert protective effects against high fat\u2010induced hepatic damage. The aim of this study is to explore whether and how PU antagonizes hepatic steatosis in Western diet\u2010fed (WD) mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mice are fed either chow diet, WD (containing 42% fat, 15% protein, and 43% carbohydrates), or WD supplemented with PU (50\u00a0mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>body weight\/day) for 13 weeks. Weight gain, hepatic fat content, and inflammation in the liver and adipose tissues are measured. Compared to the WD group, PU\u2010treated mice have lower fat content, decreased levels of alanine transaminase, and inflammation in liver. PU also changed the transcriptional expression of important genes in fatty acid oxidation pathway and alleviated glucose intolerance. Furthermore, PU improved adiponectin signaling and lipid metabolism in visceral adipose tissue. Moreover, PU improved gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by WD and enhanced gut barrier function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings suggest that PU improves hepatic steatosis induced by WD, in part through regulating lipid homeostasis and inflammation in liver and adipose tissue and restoring microbiota shift and impaired gut barrier function. Thus, PU can be potentially developed as a potential prevention strategy in combating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202001031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,25]],"date-time":"2020-12-25T09:53:48Z","timestamp":1608890028000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Punicalagin Prevents Hepatic Steatosis through Improving Lipid Homeostasis and Inflammation in Liver and Adipose Tissue and Modulating Gut Microbiota in Western Diet\u2010Fed Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1453-3425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huanhuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"},{"name":"School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning 116034 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuyao","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Education Center University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Guangdong 518083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"},{"name":"School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning 116034 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaoji","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3676-892X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunhong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"},{"name":"School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian Liaoning 116034 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-020117-043617"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0256-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25739"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2010.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20170002","DOI":"10.1515\/hmbci-2017-0002","volume":"30","author":"Sonoda J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horm. 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