{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T08:10:23Z","timestamp":1770711023512,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31571928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31571928"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Scope<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diosgenin (DIO) is a natural steroid sapogenin presented in various plants. It exerts anti\u2010oxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory and anti\u2010diabetic nephropathy properties. The present study evaluates the intervention effect of DIO on nephrotoxicity induced by food contaminant 3\u2010chloro\u20101, 2\u2010propanediol (3\u2010MCPD) in vivo and in vitro.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment with DIO (15\u00a0mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> d<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) in Sprague\u2010Dawley rats for 4\u2010week relieves kidney injury induced by 3\u2010MCPD (30\u00a0mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> d<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). In vitro, DIO (2, 6, and 8 \u00b5M) alleviates cell injury and apoptosis effectively in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. DIO realizes its protective function via the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Blockage of ER stress by 4\u2010phenylbutyric acid (4\u2010PBA), a specific ER stress antagonist, inhibits mitochondrial apoptosis, suggesting a connection between mitochondrial apoptosis and ER stress. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the maintenance of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> homeostasis and Bcl2 expression, two main targets of ER stress, contributes to the protection role of DIO on mitochondrial\u2010dependent apoptosis. In addition, DIO relieves the impairment of oxidative phosphorylation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrates that DIO exerts protective effect against kidney injury, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis through the inhibition of ER stress and the further maintenance of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> homeostasis and Bcl2 expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202001202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T06:49:46Z","timestamp":1622616586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Diosgenin Protects Against Kidney Injury and Mitochondrial Apoptosis Induced by 3\u2010MCPD Through the Regulation of ER Stress, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> Homeostasis, and Bcl2 Expression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Yujie","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University (NWAFU)  Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengni","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University (NWAFU)  Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University (NWAFU)  Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiachang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University (NWAFU)  Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University (NWAFU)  Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dianjun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University (NWAFU)  Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University (NWAFU)  Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU)  Beijing 100048 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3676-892X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University (NWAFU)  Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China"},{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU)  Beijing 100048 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-009-3177-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02652030701385241"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2013.829414"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.07.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cofs.2019.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.110957"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"209","volume":"26","author":"Mossoba M. 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