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Curcumin is an anti\u2010inflammatory spice with claimed health benefits. However, mechanisms by which curcumin may reduce obesity\u2010associated inflammation are poorly understood; thus, it is hypothesized that benefits of curcumin consumption may occur through reduced white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation and\/or beneficial changes in gut bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male B6 mice are fed high\u2010fat diets (HFD, 45%\u00a0kcal fat) or HFD supplemented with 0.4% (w\/w) curcumin (HFC) for 14 weeks. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduces adiposity and total macrophage infiltration in WAT, compared to HFD group, consistent with reduced mRNA levels of M1 (<jats:italic>Cd80, Cd38, Cd11c<\/jats:italic>) and M2 (Arginase\u20101) macrophage markers. Moreover, curcumin supplementation reduces expression of other key pro\u2010inflammatory genes, such as <jats:italic>NF\u2010\u03baB\u00a0p65<\/jats:italic>\u00a0subunit (p65), <jats:italic>Stat1, Tlr4<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Il6<\/jats:italic>, in WAT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Using microbial 16S RNA sequencing, it is demonstrated that the relative abundance of the <jats:italic>Lactococcus, Parasutterella<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Turicibacter<\/jats:italic> genera are increased in the HFC group versus HFD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Curcumin exerts protective metabolic effects in dietary obesity, in part through downregulation of adipose tissue inflammation, which may be mediated by alterations in composition of gut microbiota, and metabolism of curcumin into curcumin\u2010O\u2010glucuronide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202100274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T17:25:31Z","timestamp":1631467531000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Curcumin Reduces Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Alters Gut Microbiota in Diet\u2010Induced Obese Male 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