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However, the effect of protein sources on the physiological responses and the composition and functions of the gut microbiota during the early stage of life have received little attention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, chicken protein and soy protein are fed to young weaning rats for 14 days based on the AIN\u201093G diet formulation. The growth performance is recorded, and the morphology of the small intestine is analyzed to estimate the absorptive capacity. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing is applied to analyze the cecal microbiota. The chicken protein\u2010based diet (CHPD) enhances growth performance and absorptive capacity in young rats compared to the soy protein\u2010based diet (SPD). The CHPD maintains higher levels of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> species, associated with glutathione synthesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The CHPD seems favorable for young growing rats in relation to growth performance and absorptive capacity, correlated with changes in the composition and functional potential of the gut microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202101124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T14:07:34Z","timestamp":1652882854000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Intake of a Chicken Protein\u2010Based or Soy Protein\u2010Based Diet Differentially Affects Growth Performance, Absorptive Capacity, and Gut Microbiota in Young Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine Department of Biology University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen 2100 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine Department of Biology University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen 2100 Denmark"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 P. 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4764-1994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunbao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 P. R. 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