{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:15:08Z","timestamp":1790651708173,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32172301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Scope<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the leading cause of liver\u2010related deaths worldwide. Kefir has been studied for its properties of anti\u2010obesity, rebuilding intestinal homeostasis, and alleviating non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the possible role of kefir in the prevention or treatment of ALD has not been carefully considered. Here, it evaluated the protective effects of kefir supplementation on alcohol\u2010induced liver injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>C57BL\/6J mice are fed to Lieber\u2010DeCarli liquid diet containing alcohol to build ALD mouse model, followed by oral administration with kefir. Results indicate that kefir treatment improves liver pathological changes, decreases the expression levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and inflammatory markers, and increases antioxidant levels. Kefir supplementation also restores the intestinal barrier and altered microbial composition, indicates as increases of <jats:italic>Blautia<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Parasutterella<\/jats:italic> and decreases in the Firmicutes\/Bacteroidetes (F\/B) ratio and populations of <jats:italic>Psychrobacter<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Monoglobus<\/jats:italic>. Moreover, kefir supplementation decreases the levels of total bile acids (BAs) and primary BAs and increases the secondary\/primary BA ratio. Gut microbes play a key role in the conversion of primary to secondary fecal BAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kefir can ameliorate ALD through regulating the composition of the gut microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202300301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T10:54:08Z","timestamp":1699354448000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Kefir Ameliorates Alcohol\u2010Induced Liver Injury Through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Fecal Bile Acid Profile in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling 712100 China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Quality &amp; Safety Risk Assessment for Agro\u2010products (Yangling) Ministry of Agriculture  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Engineering Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling 712100 China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Quality &amp; Safety Risk Assessment for Agro\u2010products (Yangling) Ministry of Agriculture  Yangling 712100 China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Gaoxin No. 1 High School  Xi'an 710119 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