{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T19:07:19Z","timestamp":1788116839237,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017490","name":"Arla Foods Ingredients Group","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017490","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Scope<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ready\u2010to\u2010feed liquid infant formulas (IFs) are increasingly being used for newborn preterm infants when human milk is unavailable. However, sterilization of liquid IFs by ultra\u2010high temperature (UHT) introduces Maillard reaction products (MRPs) that may negatively affect systemic immune and kidney development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>UHT\u2010treated IF without and with prolonged storage (SUHT) are tested against pasteurized IF (PAST) in newborn preterm pigs as a model for preterm infants. After 5 days, blood leukocytes, markers of systemic immunity and inflammation, kidney structure and function are evaluated. No consistent differences between UHT and PAST pigs are observed. However, SUHT increases plasma TNF\u03b1 and IL\u20106 and reduces neutrophils and in vitro response to LPS. In SUHT pigs, the immature kidneys show minor upregulation of gene expressions related to inflammation (<jats:italic>RAGE<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MPO<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MMP9<\/jats:italic>) and oxidative stress (<jats:italic>CAT<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GLO1<\/jats:italic>), together with glomerular mesangial expansion and cell injury. The increased inflammatory status in SUHT pigs appears unrelated to systemic levels of MRPs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>SUHT feeding may impair systemic immunity and affect kidney development in preterm newborns. The systemic effects may be induced by local gut inflammatory effects of MRPs. Optimal processing and length of storage are critical for UHT\u2010treated liquid IFs for preterm infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202300318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T12:04:55Z","timestamp":1698408295000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ultra\u2010High Temperature Treatment of Liquid Infant Formula, Systemic Immunity, and Kidney Development in Preterm Neonates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen  Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8161-2636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halise G\u00fcl","family":"Ak\u0131ll\u0131o\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science University of Copenhagen  Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingren","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen  Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tik","family":"Muk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen  Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen  Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8708-2210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne Nissen","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science University of Copenhagen  Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per Torp","family":"Sangild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen  Denmark"},{"name":"Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology  Rigshospitalet Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duc Ninh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen  Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6125-7892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stine Brandt","family":"Bering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen  Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01918"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.157234"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2013.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2012.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2015.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000139411.35619.B4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.6.3742"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0304198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-3256"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980016001117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3855"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.129145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.133687"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO02619D"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IJLM-02-2017-0026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-010-0775-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.06.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"1","author":"Aljahdali N.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit. 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