{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:25:15Z","timestamp":1789503915798,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Scope<\/jats:title><jats:p>Garlic extract (GE) has been shown to ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic rats (DRs) by increasing insulin production. However, the mechanism through which it exerts its effects remains unclear. Here, it investigates the molecular process and the origin of regenerating \u03b2\u2010cell in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)\u2010induced diabetes in response to GE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, quantitative RT\u2010PCR (qRT\u2010PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemical analysis are carried out after pancreas isolation. These findings show that 1 week of GE treatment increases the expression of the endocrine progenitor cell markers Neurogenin3 (<jats:italic>Neurog3<\/jats:italic>), pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (<jats:italic>Pdx1<\/jats:italic>), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (<jats:italic>Neurod1)<\/jats:italic>, paired box proteins (<jats:italic>Pax<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>4<\/jats:italic>, V\u2010maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B\u00a0(<jats:italic>Mafb)<\/jats:italic>,\u00a0and NK homeobox factors (<jats:italic>Nkx<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>6\u20101<\/jats:italic> in STZ\u2010induced DRs. Continuation with GE treatment for 8 weeks causes the expression of the mature \u03b2\u2010cell markers insulin<jats:italic>(Ins)2<\/jats:italic>, urocortin3 (<jats:italic>Ucn3<\/jats:italic>), and glucose transporter 2 (<jats:italic>Glut2)<\/jats:italic> to peak. Comprehensive examination of the islet through immunohistochemical analysis reveals the presence of a heterogeneous cell population including INS+\/GLUT2\u2212 and INS+\/GLUT2+ \u03b2\u2010cell subpopulations with few bihormonal INS+\/GCG+ cells after 4 weeks. By week 8, islet architecture is reestablished, and glucose\u2010stimulated insulin secretion was restored through the upregulation of <jats:italic>Ucn3<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>GE induces \u03b2\u2010cell neogenesis in DRs and restores islet architecture. The newly formed mature \u03b2\u2010like cells could have originated through the differentiation of endocrine progenitor cells as well as \u03b1\u2010 to \u03b2\u2010cell transdifferentiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202400362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T07:17:49Z","timestamp":1724915869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Garlic Extract Promotes Pancreatic Islet Neogenesis Through \u03b1\u2010to\u2010\u03b2\u2010Cell Transdifferentiation and Normalizes Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetic Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4130-5591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amani M.","family":"Al\u2010Adsani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Kuwait University  P.O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled K.","family":"Al\u2010Qattan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Kuwait University  P.O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahar A.","family":"Barhoush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Kuwait University  P.O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manal S.","family":"Abbood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Kuwait University  P.O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne A.","family":"Al\u2010Bustan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Kuwait University  P.O. 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