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This study compared oats and rice as the main cereal source of an LGD in metabolically challenged volunteers. Volunteers (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 69) were randomly assigned to an LGD, which was either rich in oats or rice, for 6 weeks. Before and after the intervention, concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL\u2010C, and HDL\u2010C, triacylglycerols, free fatty acids, glucose, and insulin were measured from fasting plasma samples; the volunteers also completed 4\u2010day food and stool records, as well as questionnaires related to perceived gastrointestinal discomfort (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale) and health (RAND\u201036). The intervention with oats resulted in a more substantial decrease in LDL\u2010C (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>group \u00d7 time<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 0.047), more frequently normal type stool (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>group \u00d7 time<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 0.010), and bowel movements (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>group \u00d7 time<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 0.038) than rice (group \u00d7 time interaction). The rice group experienced more constipation symptoms (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>group \u00d7 time<\/jats:sub>\n                    &lt; 0.001) than the oat group, possibly due to a lower fiber intake (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>group \u00d7 time<\/jats:sub>\n                    &lt; 0.001). A greater waist circumference decrease was observed with rice than with oats (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>group \u00d7 time<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 0.022). Our results suggest that oats improve both biochemical markers of cardiometabolic health and perceived gastrointestinal well\u2010being compared to rice, thus being a crucial part of a nutritiously adequate LGD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T06:36:44Z","timestamp":1746599804000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparison of Low\u2010Gluten Diets Rich in Oats or Rice\u2014A 6\u2010Week Randomized Clinical Trial With Metabolically Challenged Volunteers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8199-8137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enni","family":"Mannila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Sciences Department of Life Technologies University of Turku  Turku 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