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Probiotic supplements have been demonstrated to reduce hyperlipidemia and might minimize atherosclerotic risk. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic ability of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus reuteri<\/jats:italic> TISTR 2736 (LR) on vascular damage in high\u2010cholesterol diet (HCD)\u2010induced hyperlipidemic rats and elucidate their possible mechanisms. Male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats received a standard diet or HCD, and LR (2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup> CFU\/rat\/day) was orally administered to HCD\u2010fed rats for 8 weeks. Compared to the HCD\u2010fed group, LR administration reduced serum levels of TC, TG, LDL, and endothelin\u20101 but elevated levels of aortic nitric oxide and serum HDL. Additionally, LR reversed the HCD\u2010induced aortic histological changes. The protein levels of adhesion molecules (VCAM\u20101 and ICAM\u20101), lectin\u2010like oxidized low\u2010density lipoprotein receptor\u20101 (LOX\u20101), NADPH oxidase subunits p47<jats:sup>phox<\/jats:sup>, eNOS monomer\/dimer ratio, oxidative stress markers (4\u2010hydroxynonenal\u00a0and 3\u2010nitrotyrosine), and pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines (TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IL\u20106) were decreased, while those of nuclear factor erythroid 2\u2010related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase\u20101 (HO\u20101), and the activity of superoxide dismutase were increased in the aortas of LR\u2010treated rats. These findings suggest that LR supplementation ameliorates HCD\u2010induced vascular dysfunction and inflammation, possibly by lowering hyperlipidemia, suppressing ROS production, and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T12:59:06Z","timestamp":1746709146000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>Lactobacillus reuteri<\/i> (<i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri<\/i>) TISTR 2736 Supplementation Attenuates Vascular Injury and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed a High\u2010Cholesterol Diet"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Nutthaphong","family":"Phongnu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University  Phitsanulok 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