{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T09:20:01Z","timestamp":1793179201679,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The association between ultra\u2010processed foods (UPFs) consumption and non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear; therefore, we investigated the association between UPF consumption and the risk of NAFLD among Korean adults. This cohort study included 44\u00a0642 Korean adults aged 40\u201369 years, utilizing data from the Health Examinees database. UPF were categorized according to the NOVA classification system based on the degree of processing. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model assessed the association between UPF consumption and NAFLD risk. Over a 4.2\u2010year follow\u2010up period, 1562 (3.5%) participants developed NAFLD. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher UPF consumption was associated with a 35% (6%, 71%) and 48% (19%, 86%) increased risk of NAFLD in men and women, respectively. Similar results were observed in both continuous and sensitivity analyses. Among the diverse UPF subtypes, ramen consumption showed the strongest adverse association with NAFLD risk in both men and women (hazard ratio = 2.05 [1.59, 2.65] in men; 1.80 [1.48, 2.19] in women). Our findings suggest that higher UPF consumption is linked to an increased risk of NAFLD. Further comprehensive investigations in a broader spectrum of populations are warranted to corroborate and fortify these results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T12:34:30Z","timestamp":1748349270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Consumption of Ultra\u2010Processed Food and Risk of Non\u2010Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Prospective Analysis of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Jialei","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua University Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition Chung\u2010Ang University Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8970-0884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li\u2010Juan","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0094-1014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangah","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition Chung\u2010Ang University Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"48","volume-title":"Ultra\u2010Processed Foods, Diet Quality, and Health Using the NOVA Classification System","author":"Monteiro C. 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