{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T14:36:47Z","timestamp":1765550207038,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82301510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301510"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071380"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Genetic and environmental factors jointly affect the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS), among which diet holds considerable interest as a potentially modifiable factor. A nested case\u2013control study was conducted, including 303 participants with MS and 1212 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls from the UK Biobank. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between diet and MS. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to examine the genetic associations between various food types and the risk of MS. Mediation analyses were performed to determine the possible mediating effect of serum measurements using the Karlson\u2013Holm\u2013Breen method. Participants who regularly consumed oily fish and consumed more bread per week had a decreased risk of MS. Increased consumption of oily fish and cereal was genetically associated with a lower risk of MS. The association between oily fish intake and reduced risk of MS remained robust among several subgroups. Besides, vitamin D and neutrophil count mediated the protective effects of oily fish consumption against MS, independently. Increasing the intake of both oily fish and wholemeal\/wholegrain bread may reduce the risk of MS onset, while vitamin D and neutrophil count play a partial mediating role during this process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T07:42:44Z","timestamp":1763797364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diet and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence With UK Biobank Nested Case\u2013Control Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Lian","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Wei","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luo\u2010Qi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Hui","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu\u2010Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Fang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan\u2010Ning","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010Hao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuo\u2010Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dai\u2010Shi","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5162-3150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000206"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(18)30481\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.194"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51788"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14061150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668\u2010018\u20100236\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000004768"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585221127414"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415x.2019.1580831"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2023.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz064"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980011000942"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380\u2010022\u201001446\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav7188"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010023\u201006250\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415x.2017.1303016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415x.2025.2516627"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i37.10621"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20\u20102328"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/152.11.1056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517691150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.679068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.09.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072097"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11111624"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030783"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.105804"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.116.014191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1453703"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5314541"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y.Hu M.Ding L.Sampson et\u00a0al. \u201cIntake of Whole Grain Foods and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Results From Three Prospective Cohort Studies \u201dBMJ (Clinical research ed.)370(2020):m2206 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m2206.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2206"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D.Aune N.Keum E.Giovannucci et\u00a0al. \u201cWhole Grain Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Cancer and All Cause and Cause Specific Mortality: Systematic Review and Dose\u2010Response Meta\u2010Analysis of Prospective Studies \u201dBMJ (Clinical research ed.)353(2016):i2716 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.i2716.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i2716"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/pns2002221"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394\u2010012\u20100340\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.09.007"}],"container-title":["Molecular Nutrition &amp; Food Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mnfr.70313","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T14:12:54Z","timestamp":1765548774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mnfr.70313"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mnfr.70313"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mnfr.70313","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-4125","1613-4133"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1613-4125"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1613-4133"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70313"}}