{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T07:56:03Z","timestamp":1790582163803,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82304879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigated the effects of pentacyclic triterpene saponins from\n                    <jats:italic>Chenopodium quinoa<\/jats:italic>\n                    Willd. on insulin resistance (IR). Six saponin monomers (C1\u2013C6) were isolated using semi\u2010preparative liquid chromatography. In the T2DM zebrafish model, these compounds reduced the level of glucose, TC, TG, LDL\u2010C, ALT, and AST, while increasing the level of HDL\u2010C. They exerted antioxidant effects by enhancing GSH and SOD activities and reducing MDA levels. Histological analysis revealed restored liver morphology and reduced liver injury. Among the six compounds, C1, C4, and C5 demonstrated particularly strong efficacy in ameliorating IR by activating the insulin signaling pathway and suppression of ERS\u2010related proteins (ATF6, IRE1, PERK, GRP78, and CHOP), while also inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. Using a transgenic Tg(ins: GFP) zebrafish model, we showed that C1, C4, and C5 protected pancreatic \u03b2\u2010cells by reducing ERS\u2010mediated apoptosis and restoring cellular function. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of quinoa saponins for managing T2DM and its complications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T12:23:41Z","timestamp":1764419021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Saponins From\n                    <i>Chenopodium Quinoa<\/i>\n                    Willd. Improve Insulin Resistance and Restore Pancreatic \u03b2\u2010Cell Function via Anti\u2010Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Yidan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology  Xining P. R. China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing P. R. 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