{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:44:05Z","timestamp":1792629845819,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Pectin, a dietary fiber found in fruits and vegetables, has recognized anti\u2010inflammatory properties. While papaya is rich in pectin, the impact of different ripening stages on its anti\u2010inflammatory effects within the human neonatal gastrointestinal tract remains unexplored. Ripe and unripe papaya contain structurally distinct pectins, potentially leading to differing anti\u2010inflammatory effects. Herein, ripe and unripe papaya pectins were tested in an in vitro model of human neonatal intestinal mucosa, in the presence or absence of commensal\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) as a surrogate for early intestinal colonizers. Papaya pectin enhanced cell viability regardless of ripening stage or the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Both pectins reduced the IL\u20106 production in cultures exposed to\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but only unripe pectin decreased IL\u20108 levels. Additionally, treatment with either pectin downregulated genes related to tight junctions and innate immune signaling (e.g.,\n                    <jats:italic>claudin\u20103<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>catenin\u20101<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>catenin\u20103<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>SUGT1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>TRAF6<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>NLRP3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Dimensionality reduction analyses further suggest that pectin induced distinct transcriptional profiles depending on the presence of bacteria. These results demonstrate that papaya pectin modulates epithelial barrier in a manner dependent on ripening stage and microbial context, providing novel insights into its functional and stage\u2010specific anti\u2010inflammatory activity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T14:36:04Z","timestamp":1768574164000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anti\u2010Inflammatory Properties of Ripe and Unripe Papaya Pectin in a Neonatal Human Stem Cell\u2010Derived Ileum Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Janaina Lombello Santos","family":"Donadio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID\u2010FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation), CEPIX\u2010USP  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of Sciences  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Fabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID\u2010FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation), CEPIX\u2010USP  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena M.","family":"Crowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery and Urology University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo B.","family":"Sztein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Division of General and Oncologic Surgery University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ros\u00e2ngela","family":"Salerno\u2010Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1286138"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.146954"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2023.109491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2022.109107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104\u2010023\u201000838\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mpg.0000000000001148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.03.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.129071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P.Cronin S. 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