{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:01:21Z","timestamp":1792508481302,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) causes insulin resistance, fat accumulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle, leading to muscle atrophy and sarcopenia. This study investigated the effects of stevia extract (SE) on lipid metabolism, mitochondrial activity, and muscle atrophy in both cell and animal models of T2DM. C2C12 cells were treated with palmitic acid to induce insulin resistance, then exposed to different doses of SE (12.5\u2013100\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL). In addition,\n                    <jats:italic>db<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>db<\/jats:italic>\n                    mice were subjected to skeletal muscle analysis after administration of oral SE (200 or 500\u00a0mg\/kg\/day) for 35 days. SE treatment significantly reduced lipid accumulation and restored key anabolic signals, including AKT and mTOR. SE also upregulated mitochondrial regulators, AMPK, Sirt1, PGC\u20101\u03b1, PPAR\u03b1, and FGF21 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05\u20130.0001), while suppressing atrophy\u2010associated genes Atrogin\u20101 and MuRF1 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05\u20130.001). In\n                    <jats:italic>db<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>db<\/jats:italic>\n                    mice, oral SE (200 or 500\u00a0mg\/kg) enhanced AMPK\/Sirt1\/PGC\u20101\u03b1 signaling in gastrocnemius muscle and significantly reduced Atrogin\u20101 and MuRF1 expression (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05\u20130.01), indicating protection against muscle atrophy. These findings suggest that SE is a promising natural agent for preventing skeletal muscle deterioration in diabetic conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T13:34:13Z","timestamp":1773322453000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Stevia Extract Improves Skeletal Muscle Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function While Attenuating Muscle Atrophy in Palmitate\u2010Treated C2C12 Myotubes and\n                    <i>db<\/i>\n                    \/\n                    <i>db<\/i>\n                    Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Ji\u2010Hwan","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition College of BioNano Technology Gachon University  Seongnam\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miey","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition College of BioNano Technology Gachon University  Seongnam\u2010si Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute For Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research Gachon University  Seongnam\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hae\u2010Jeung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition College of BioNano Technology Gachon University  Seongnam\u2010si Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute For Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research Gachon University  Seongnam\u2010si Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences and Technology Gachon Advanced Institute For Health Science and Technology (GAIHST) Gachon University  Incheon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-015-0140-6","article-title":"Q&A: Insulin Secretion and Type 2 Diabetes: Why Do \u03b2\u2010Cells Fail?","volume":"13","author":"Cantley J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1359685","article-title":"Animal Models for Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Advantages and Limitations","volume":"15","author":"Singh R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.151","article-title":"Global Aetiology and Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications","volume":"14","author":"Zheng Y.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E957","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00109.2019","article-title":"The Exocyst Complex Regulates Insulin\u2010Stimulated Glucose Uptake of Skeletal Muscle Cells","volume":"317","author":"Fujimoto B. 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