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This study examined the protective benefits of\n                    <jats:italic>Ganoderma atrum<\/jats:italic>\n                    polysaccharide (PSG\u20101), focusing on the gut\u2010liver axis. PSG\u20101 reduced serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bile acid (TBA) levels and improved liver histology. It also restored antioxidant defense by enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH\u2010Px) activities while lowering malondialdehyde (MDA). At the intestinal level, PSG\u20101 alleviated barrier disruption and reversed gut dysbiosis, restoring\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    abundance. This microbial modulation coincided with reactivation of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR)\/fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) pathway, which normalized hepatic cholesterol 7\u03b1\u2010hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression and improved bile acid homeostasis. PSG\u20101 also corrected retinol metabolism disorders by reducing lecithin\u2010retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) and restoring retinol\u2010binding protein 4 (RBP4). These results demonstrate that PSG\u20101 protects against AA\u2010induced intestinal and hepatic injury through coordinated regulation of oxidative stress, gut microbiota composition, and FXR\u2010mediated bile acid signaling along the gut\u2010liver axis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T07:55:50Z","timestamp":1784188550000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The\n                    <i>Ganoderma atrum<\/i>\n                    Polysaccharide PSG\u20101 Attenuates Acrylamide\u2010Induced Hepatotoxicity by Modulating the FXR\u2010FGF15\u2010Mediated Gut\u2010Liver Axis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University  Nanchang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunchao","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University  Nanchang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University  Nanchang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Province Science and Technology Infrastructure Center  Nanchang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaichang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University  Nanchang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University  Nanchang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University  Nanchang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University  Nanchang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/65.2.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.902040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/em.2860090403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041\u2010008X(02)00072\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx9901938"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2007.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf5041096"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b03462"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b06103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2022.113548"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO01873B"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c01813"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"The Prebiotic Effect of Kaempferol in Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism","volume":"13","author":"Li X. 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