{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T06:28:07Z","timestamp":1787120887714,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The development of functional dairy foods using probiotic cultures with additional nutritional benefits has gained considerable attention.\n                    <jats:italic>Limosilactobacillus reuteri<\/jats:italic>\n                    NCDC 958 (LRN958) has been identified as a probiotic strain with the ability to produce vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    ; however, establishing its safety profile is essential for its successful application in food and human use. In this study, the preclinical safety of the vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010producing LRN958 strain was assessed using integrated in vitro and in vivo approaches. In vitro evaluation revealed that the strain lacked virulence\u2010associated genes, did not produce biogenic amines or degrade mucin, and was susceptible to recommended antibiotics. In vivo safety was examined through acute, sub\u2010acute, and sub\u2010chronic oral toxicity studies in mice. Administration of LRN958 caused no mortality or clinical signs of toxicity. Body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters, organ indices, and histopathology remained comparable to controls. No bacterial translocation was observed, and immune markers, including IgA, IgG, IL\u201010, TGF\u2010\u03b2, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010\u03b1, which showed no significant differences, indicating maintained immune homeostasis. The no\u2010observed\u2010effect level (NOEL) was 10\n                    <jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup>\n                    CFU\/mouse\/day. Overall, the findings confirm that LRN958 is safe, non\u2010pathogenic, and supports its potential clinical use and application in probiotic and functional food formulations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:44:01Z","timestamp":1785307441000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preclinical Safety and Toxicological Assessment of Vitamin B\n                    <sub>12<\/sub>\n                    Producing Probiotic\n                    <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri<\/i>\n                    NCDC 958"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"S. V.","family":"Salini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Techno\u2010functional Starter Lab National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC) Dairy Microbiology Division ICAR\u2010NDRI  Karnal Haryana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Battula","family":"Narsimlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Techno\u2010functional Starter Lab National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC) Dairy Microbiology Division ICAR\u2010NDRI  Karnal Haryana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Techno\u2010functional Starter Lab National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC) Dairy Microbiology Division ICAR\u2010NDRI  Karnal Haryana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manorama","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Techno\u2010functional Starter Lab National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC) Dairy Microbiology Division ICAR\u2010NDRI  Karnal Haryana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0403-2398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pradip V.","family":"Behare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Techno\u2010functional Starter Lab National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC) Dairy Microbiology Division ICAR\u2010NDRI  Karnal Haryana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2185034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foohum.2024.100341"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2020.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2024.8521"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-1947-2_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2023.2197066"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2019.106872"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12088\u2010019\u201000808\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2021.112827"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11534"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9010106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19308"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dairy6020011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2021.09.003"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Megaloblastic Anemias: Nutritional and Other Causes","volume":"101","author":"Green R.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medical Clinics"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.46124"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19080\/oajnn.2023.18.555979"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2018.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112693"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2023.103101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.21.2.195\u2010199.1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168\u20101605(99)00152\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051422"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: 25th Informational Supplement","author":"Patel J. B.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2019.103470"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159851"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2020.109796"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202307233"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Safety of Probiotic Bacteria","volume":"5","author":"Donohue D. C.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-012-9103-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602\u2010012\u20109090\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02065417"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018\u20100337"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13213\u2010021\u201001622\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201025688\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13100964"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.10.1327"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.44.1133"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223\u2010017\u20100524\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262663"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12020238"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2014.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2019.04.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3797\/scipharm.1107\u201012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-017-0682-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02105\u201006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.01166"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1002089722581"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106589"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01943"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2023.103462"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23975\/bjvr.2025.155782.1174"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022029925101714"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00633"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2023.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116060"}],"container-title":["Molecular Nutrition &amp; Food Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mnfr.70546","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mnfr.70546","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mnfr.70546","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T05:48:54Z","timestamp":1787118534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mnfr.70546"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mnfr.70546"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mnfr.70546","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-4125","1613-4133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-4125","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-4133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70546"}}