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In high\u2010fat diet\u2013fed ApoE\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice, SSXL ameliorated dyslipidemia, reduced systemic inflammation, and alleviated aortic plaque burden. An integrated approach combining UPLC\u2013QTOF\u2013MS profiling, network pharmacology, and transcriptomics identified 401 SSXL\u2010responsive disease\u2010associated genes, which were enriched in pathways related to TGF\u2010\u03b2, MAPK, cAMP, and extracellular matrix organization. In both aortic tissues from these mice and TGF\u2010\u03b22\u2013stimulated human aortic endothelial cells, SSXL preserved endothelial identity and suppressed EndMT. Mechanistically, SSXL restored FGFR1 phosphorylation while concomitantly downregulating TGF\u2010\u03b2RI\/TGF\u2010\u03b22 expression and Smad2 phosphorylation. Pharmacological inhibition of FGFR1 with PD173074 partially abrogated these protective effects, indicating that SSXL suppresses EndMT, at least in part, through FGFR1\u2010mediated inhibition of the TGF\u2010\u03b2\/Smad2 signaling axis. These findings suggest that SSXL ameliorates AS through combined lipid\u2010lowering, anti\u2010inflammatory, and anti\u2010EndMT actions, supporting its potential as a multi\u2010target therapeutic candidate for vascular protection in AS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T06:00:08Z","timestamp":1788933608000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mechanism of Shuangshen Xionglian Granule in Attenuating EndMT in Atherosclerosis via the FGFR1\u2013TGF\u2010\u03b2\/Smad2 Axis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1347-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoshan","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences  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