{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:54:23Z","timestamp":1790844863035,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001778","name":"Deakin University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001778","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Nutrition Food Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to impair the quality of life. Natural products with high antidiabetic potential and fewer side effects have attracted considerable interest. Recently, investigations into plant materials for their antidiabetic properties have received greater attention. Therefore, in the current study, the dried pulp of custard apple (\n                    <jats:italic>Annona squamosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) (AS) was investigated for its effects on Streptozotocin and nicotinamide (STZ\u2013NA)\u2010induced DM. The antidiabetic activity of AS was evaluated by measuring body weight, plasma glucose, plasma lipid levels, and liver glycogen content. The results show no alteration in glucose levels in normoglycemic rats. In contrast, the OGTT reduced glucose levels to 85.16 \u00b1 3.19\u00a0mg\/dL. There was a decrease in plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), low\u2010density lipoprotein, and very low\u2010density lipoprotein (mg\/dL) of 95.29\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.07, 72.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.20, 56.90\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.26, 24.87\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.26, and 11.38\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.11, respectively, in diabetic rats. The AS treatment increased the high\u2010density lipoprotein (35.80\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.51\u00a0mg\/dL), liver glycogen (21.65\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.61\u00a0mg\/g), and body weight (178.10\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.81\u00a0g) in diabetic rats. AS also increased pancreatic enzyme levels while decreasing TBA\u2010reactive substances in diabetic rats.\n                    <jats:italic>Annona squamosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    treatment reduced liver enzyme levels in diabetic rats. These findings suggest that dried AS pulp may improve diabetes by improving glucose, lipids, antioxidants, and liver enzymes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.70621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:55:26Z","timestamp":1790841326000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antidiabetic and Hepatoprotective Effects of Dried Custard Apple (\n                    <i>Annona squamosa<\/i>\n                    ) Pulp in Streptozotocin\u2013Nicotinamide\u2010Induced Diabetic Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Arpit","family":"Shrivastava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University  Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramakrishna","family":"Kakarla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)  Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek Dutt","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University  Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veena","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University  Varanasi India"},{"name":"Division of Food Processing Technology Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences  Coimbatore India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sairam","family":"Krishnamurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)  Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Technology Lady Irwin College University of Delhi  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipendra Kumar","family":"Mahato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CASS Food Research Centre School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University  Burwood Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.151"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-025-10177-8","article-title":"Exploring the Antidiabetic Nutraceutical Potential of Fruits Waste, a Revolutionary Approach for Diabetes Mellitus Treatment","volume":"25","author":"Khalid S.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytochemistry Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(05)61032\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.20039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.10.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891\u20105849(96)02051\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19910073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201501017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01562"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102\u201086502013000700005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.05.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535\u2010013\u20100911\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00426.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26672"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153241"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/jfpp\/9938364"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24109085"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2025.107628"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"1745","article-title":"Annona squamosa Linn. 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