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Results are compared to quantitative histology of pulmonary tissue and red blood cell (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content>) distribution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two cohorts (n\u00a0=\u00a06 each) of age\u2010matched rats were used. One was irradiated in the right\u2010medial lung, producing regional injury. Gas exchange was mapped 4\u00a0weeks postirradiation by imaging dissolved\u2010phase <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe using spiral\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IDEAL<\/jats:styled-content> at five gas exchange timepoints using a clinical 1.5\u00a0T scanner. Physiological lung parameters were extracted regionally on a voxel\u2010wise basis using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOXE<\/jats:styled-content>. Mean gas exchange parameters, specifically air\u2010capillary barrier thickness (<jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic>) and hematocrit (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCT<\/jats:styled-content>) in the right\u2010medial lung were compared to the contralateral lung as well as nonirradiated control animals. Whole\u2010lung spectroscopic analysis of gas exchange was also performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic> was significantly increased (1.43\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.12\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>m from 1.07\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.09\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>m) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCT<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly decreased (17.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2% from 23.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.9%) in the right\u2010medial lung (i.e., irradiated region) compared to the contralateral lung of the irradiated rats. These changes were not observed in healthy controls. <jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCT<\/jats:styled-content> correlated with histologically measured increases in pulmonary tissue heterogeneity (r\u00a0=\u00a00.77) and decreases in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content> distribution (r\u00a0=\u00a00.91), respectively. No changes were observed using whole\u2010lung analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This work demonstrates the feasibility of mapping gas exchange using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HP<\/jats:styled-content> <jats:sup>129<\/jats:sup>Xe in an animal model of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RILI<\/jats:styled-content> 4\u00a0weeks postirradiation. Spatially resolved gas exchange mapping is sensitive to regional injury between cohorts that was undetected with whole\u2010lung gas exchange analysis, in agreement with histology. Gas exchange mapping holds promise for assessing regional lung function in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RILI<\/jats:styled-content> and other pulmonary diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.12730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T06:06:38Z","timestamp":1513231598000},"page":"803-816","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Physiological gas exchange mapping of hyperpolarized <sup>129<\/sup>Xe using spiral\u2010<scp>IDEAL<\/scp> and <scp>MOXE<\/scp> in a model of regional radiation\u2010induced lung injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Brandon","family":"Zanette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto, Toronto 101 College St Toronto ON M5G1L7 Canada"},{"name":"Translational Medicine Program Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning The Hospital for Sick Children 686 Bay St Toronto ON M5G0A4 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