{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T03:16:15Z","timestamp":1773976575226,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 CA154561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA154561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EB026331"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EB026331"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiation dose calculated on tumors for radiopharmaceutical therapy varies significantly from tumor to tumor and from patient to patient. Accurate estimation of radiation dose requires multiple time point measurements using radionuclide imaging modalities such as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPECT<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PET<\/jats:styled-content>. In this report, we show our technical development of reducing the number of scans needed for reasonable estimation of tumor and normal organ dose in our pretherapy imaging and dosimetry platform of <jats:sup>124<\/jats:sup>I\u2010metaiodobenzylguanidine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIBG<\/jats:styled-content>) positron emission tomography\/computed tomography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PET<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>) for <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIBG<\/jats:styled-content> therapy of neuroblastoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed the simplest kinetic data, areas of two\u2010time point data for five patients with neuroblastoma who underwent 3 or 4 times of <jats:sup>124<\/jats:sup>I\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIBG PET<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> scan prior to <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIBG<\/jats:styled-content> therapy. The data for which we derived areas were percent of injected activity (%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IA<\/jats:styled-content>) and standardized uptake value of tumors. These areas were correlated with time\u2010integrated activity coefficients (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIAC<\/jats:styled-content>s) from full data (3 or 4 time points). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIAC<\/jats:styled-content>s are direct correlates with radiation dose as long as the volume and the radionuclide are known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The areas of %<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IA<\/jats:styled-content>s between data obtained from all the two\u2010time points with time points 1 and 2 (day 0 and day 1), time points 2 and 3 (day 1 and day 2), and time points 1 and 3 (day 0 and day 2) showed reasonable correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient |<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>|\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.5) with not only tumor and organ <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIAC<\/jats:styled-content>s but also tumor and organ absorbed doses. The tumor and organ doses calculated using %<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IA<\/jats:styled-content> areas of time point 1 and time point 2 were our best fits at about 20% individual percent difference compared to doses calculated using 3 or 4 time points.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We could achieve reasonable accuracy of estimating tumor doses for subsequent radiopharmaceutical therapy using only the two\u2010time point imaging sessions. Images obtained from these time points (within the 48\u2010h after administration of radiopharmaceutical) were also viewed as useful for diagnostic reading. Although our analysis was specific to <jats:sup>124<\/jats:sup>I\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIBG PET<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> pretherapy imaging data for <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIBG<\/jats:styled-content> therapy of neuroblastoma and the number of imaging datasets was not large, this feasible methodology would generally be applicable to other imaging and therapeutic radionuclides with an appropriate data analysis similar to our analysis to other imaging and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T04:46:52Z","timestamp":1550119612000},"page":"2477-2486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Technical Note: Simplified and practical pretherapy tumor dosimetry \u2014 A\u00a0feasibility study for <sup>131<\/sup>I\u2010<scp>MIBG<\/scp> therapy of neuroblastoma using <sup>124<\/sup>I\u2010<scp>MIBG PET<\/scp>\/<scp>CT<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Youngho","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"},{"name":"Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering University of California, San Francisco Berkeley CA USA"},{"name":"Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoonsuk","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shih\u2010ying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Miguel","family":"Hernandez\u2010Pampaloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall A.","family":"Hawkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. 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