{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:50:06Z","timestamp":1786978206626,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]],"date-time":"2021-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n In breast imaging applications, cadmium telluride (CdTe) photon counting x\u2010ray detectors (PCDs) may reduce radiation dose and enable single\u2010shot multi\u2010energy x\u2010ray imaging. The purpose of this work is to determine the upper limits of the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of CdTe PCDs for x\u2010ray mammography and to compare them with the published DQEs of energy\u2010integrating detectors (EIDs) and other PCDs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We calibrated and validated a Monte Carlo (MC) model of the DQE of CdTe PCDs using an XCounter CdTe PCD. Our model accounted for charge sharing, electronic noise, and charge summation logic. We used a 28 kVp Mo\/Mo spectrum hardened by 3.9\u00a0cm of Lucite to optimize the detector thickness and energy threshold for pixel sizes of 50, 85, and 100\n \n m with and without inter\u2010pixel charge summation logic. The figure of merit used for optimization was the integral of the DQE, which is equivalent to the detectability index for a delta function task function, which represents a high\u2010frequency task.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n For an electronic noise level equal to that of the XCounter, the optimal DQE(0) without charge summing was 0.74. Charge summing for charge\u2010sharing correction reduced DQE(0) by 14% due to an increase in electronic noise. Reducing the electronic noise to \u223c0.5\u00a0keV per pixel in combination with charge summing resulted in DQE(0)\n \n 0.78 for 85\u00a0\n \n m pixels, which is approximately equal to that of\n a<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010Se and slot\u2010scanning silicon\u2010strip PCDs. At higher spatial frequencies, and for matched pixel sizes, the DQE was inferior to that of\n a<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010Se EIDs and superior to that of slot\u2010scanning silicon\u2010strip PCDs in the scan direction but inferior in the slit direction.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n (1) CdTe PCDs have the potential to provide a zero\u2010frequency DQE equal to that of\n a<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010Se EIDs and slot\u2010scanning silicon\u2010strip PCDs, but this will require electronic noise levels \u223c0.5\u00a0keV per pixel. (2) At mid\u2010to\u2010high spatial frequencies the DQE of CdTe PCDs may be (a) inferior to that of\n a<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010Se EIDs and slot\u2010scanning silicon\u2010strip PCDs in the slit direction, and (b) superior to slot\u2010scanning silicon\u2010strip PCDs in the scan direction.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T12:48:02Z","timestamp":1639486082000},"page":"1481-1494","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The detective quantum efficiency of cadmium telluride photon\u2010counting x\u2010ray detectors in breast imaging applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"James A.","family":"Day","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics Ryerson University Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Tanguay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics Ryerson University Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2179122"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3371689"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.12230"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/57\/24\/8405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2432072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2731032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9002(02)01888-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrysgro.2019.125466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2015.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2020.165000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3097284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GkoumasS ThueringT&TaboadaAGet al. SPIE Medical Imaging: Dose\u2010independent near\u2010ideal DQE of a 75\u00a0m pixel GaAs photon\u2010counting spectral detector for breast imaging San Diego California United States 16\u201021 February 2019.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2512235"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/57\/21\/6743"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"Calibration of reference dosimeters for diagnostic radiology at the IAEA dosimetry laboratory. IAEA. 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