{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T12:15:09Z","timestamp":1773663309818,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]],"date-time":"2022-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007923","name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA014520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA014520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Simultaneous PET\/MR imaging involves injection of a radiopharmaceutical and often also includes administration of a gadolinium\u2010based contrast agent (GBCA). Phantom model studies indicate that attenuation of annihilation photons by GBCAs does not bias quantification metrics of PET radiopharmaceutical uptake. However, a direct comparison of attenuation\u2010corrected PET values before and after administration of GBCA has not been performed in patients imaged with simultaneous dynamic PET\/MR. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attenuating effect of GBCAs on standardized uptake value (SUV) quantification of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in invasive breast cancer and normal tissues using simultaneous PET\/MR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 13 women with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer imaged using simultaneous dedicated prone breast PET\/MR with FDG. PET data collection and two\u2010point Dixon\u2010based MR attenuation correction sequences began simultaneously before the administration of GBCA to avoid a potential impact of GBCA on the attenuation correction map. A standard clinical dose of GBCA was intravenously administered for the dynamic contrast enhanced MR sequences obtained during the simultaneous PET data acquisition. PET data were dynamically reconstructed into 60 frames of 30 s each. Three timing windows were chosen consisting of a single frame (30 s), two frames (60 s), or four frames (120 s) immediately before and after contrast administration. SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and SUV<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> of the biopsy\u2010proven breast malignancy, fibroglandular tissue of the contralateral normal breast, descending aorta, and liver were calculated prior to and following GBCA administration. Percent change in the SUV metrics were calculated to test for a statistically significant, non\u2010zero percent change using Wilcoxon signed\u2010rank tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No statistical change in SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> or SUV<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> was found for the breast malignancies or normal anatomical regions during the timing windows before and after GBCA administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>GBCAs do not significantly impact the results of PET quantification by means of additional attenuation. However, GBCAs may still affect quantification by affecting MR acquisitions used for MR\u2010based attenuation correction which this study did not address. Corrections to account for attenuation due to clinical concentrations of GBCAs are not necessary in simultaneous PET\/MR examinations when MR\u2010based attenuation correction sequences are performed prior to GBCA administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T14:10:32Z","timestamp":1653660632000},"page":"5206-5215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Gadolinium\u2010based contrast agent attenuation does not impact PET quantification in simultaneous dynamic contrast enhanced breast PET\/MR"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Allen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leah C.","family":"Henze 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