{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:14:07Z","timestamp":1772118847748,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,8]],"date-time":"2023-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K99\/R00CA201304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K99\/R00CA201304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32CA121940"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32CA121940"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While radiation therapy (RT) is a critical component of breast cancer therapy and is known to decrease overall local recurrence rates, recent studies have shown that normal tissue radiation damage may increase recurrence risk. Fibrosis is a well\u2010known consequence of RT, but the specific sequence of molecular and mechanical changes induced by RT remains poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To improve cancer therapy outcomes, there is a need to understand the role of the irradiated tissue microenvironment in tumor recurrence. This study seeks to evaluate the use of spectral quantitative ultrasound (spectral QUS) for real time determination of the normal tissue characteristic radiation response and to correlate these results to molecular features in irradiated tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Murine mammary fat pads (MFPs) were irradiated to 20\u00a0Gy, and spectral QUS was used to analyze tissue physical properties pre\u2010irradiation as well as at 1, 5, and 10 days post\u2010irradiation. Tissues were processed for scanning electron microscopy imaging as well as histological and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate morphology and structure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tissue morphological and structural changes were observed non\u2010invasively following radiation using mid\u2010band fit (MBF), spectral slope (SS), and spectral intercept (SI) measurements obtained from spectral QUS. Statistically significant shifts in MBF and SI indicate structural tissue changes in real time, which matched histological observations. Radiation damage was indicated by increased adipose tissue density and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings demonstrate the potential of using spectral QUS to noninvasively evaluate normal tissue changes resulting from radiation damage. This supports further pre\u2010clinical studies to determine how the tissue microenvironment and physical properties change in response to therapy, which may be important for improving treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.16184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]],"date-time":"2022-12-24T01:04:40Z","timestamp":1671843880000},"page":"1251-1256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Technical note: Noninvasive monitoring of normal tissue radiation damage using spectral quantitative ultrasound spectroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Marjan","family":"Rafat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Stanford University  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"El Kaffas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ankush","family":"Swarnakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Shostak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward E.","family":"Graves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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