{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:44:06Z","timestamp":1790088246322,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dysphagia is one of the major post\u2010stroke complications, understanding post\u2010stroke changes in cortical excitability and promoting early remodeling of swallowing\u2010related cortical areas to enable accurate treatment is essential for recovery of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate hemodynamic signal changes and functional connectivity in acute stroke patients with dysphagia compared to age\u2010matched healthy participants in response to volitional swallowing using functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in this pilot study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with first\u2010ever post\u2010stroke dysphagia having an onset of 1\u20134 weeks and age\u2010matched right\u2010handed healthy subjects were recruited in our study. fNIRS with 47 channels was utilized to detect the oxyhemoglobin (HbO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and reduced hemoglobin (HbR) concentration changes when volitional swallowing. Cohort analysis was performed by a one\u2010sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test. Two\u2010sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test was utilized to compare the difference in cortical activation between patients with post\u2010stroke dysphagia and healthy subjects. Furthermore, the relative changes in the concentration of the HbO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> throughout the experimental procedure were extracted for the functional connectivity analysis. The Pearson correlation coefficients of the HbO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentration of each channel were analyzed on a time series, and then a Fisher Z transformation was then performed, and the transformed values were defined as the functional connection strengths between the channels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this present study, a total of nine patients with acute post\u2010stroke dysphagia were enrolled in the patient group and nine age\u2010matched healthy participants in the healthy control group. Our study observed that the extensive regions of the cerebral cortex were activated in the healthy control group, while the activation area of patient group's cortical regions was quite limited. The mean functional connectivity strength of participants was 0.485 \u00b1 0.105 in the healthy control group, and 0.252 \u00b1 0.146 in the patient group, with a significant difference between the two groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to the healthy individuals, cerebral cortex regions of acute stroke patients were only marginally activated during volitional swallowing task, and the average functional connectivity strength of cortical network in patients was relatively weaker.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.16535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T07:58:06Z","timestamp":1686729486000},"page":"5166-5175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Hemodynamic signal changes and functional connectivity in acute stroke patients with dysphagia during volitional swallowing: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1483-0921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Yue Bei People's Hospital  Shaoguan Guangdong China"},{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Medicine Gannan Medical University  Ganzhou Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwei","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanying","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Yue Bei People's Hospital  Shaoguan Guangdong 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