{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T00:40:06Z","timestamp":1755909606227,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>High dose rate brachytherapy is commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer. Treatment planning is often performed under transrectal ultrasound (US) guidance, but brachytherapy needles can be challenging to digitize due to the presence of poor US conspicuity and imaging artifacts. The plan accuracy and quality, however, are dependent on the proper visualization of the needles with millimeter accuracy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This work describes a technique for generating a color overlay of needle locations atop the grayscale US image. Prototype devices were developed to produce vibrations in the brachytherapy needles that generate a high contrast color Doppler (CD) signal that highlights the needle locations with superior contrast and reduced artifacts. Denoted by the acronym color VISION (<jats:styled-content>V<\/jats:styled-content>ibrationally <jats:styled-content>I<\/jats:styled-content>nduced <jats:styled-content>S<\/jats:styled-content>himmering for <jats:styled-content>I<\/jats:styled-content>dentifying an <jats:styled-content>O<\/jats:styled-content>bject's <jats:styled-content>N<\/jats:styled-content>ature), the technology has the potential to improve applicator conspicuity and facilitate automated applicator digitization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three prototype vibrational devices with frequencies between 200\u2013450\u00a0Hz were designed in\u2010house and evaluated with needle implants in a phantom and cadaveric male pelvis using: (1) an actuator attached to the front of a prostate needle template; (2) an actuator attached to the top of the needle template; and (3) a hand\u2010held actuator with a stylet, inserted directly into a needle's inner lumen. Acquired images were postprocessed in MATLAB to evaluate the potential for automated digitization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All prototype devices produced localized shimmering in implanted brachytherapy needles in both the axial and sagittal planes. The template mounted actuators provided better vibrational coupling and ease of operation than the stylet prototype. The Michelson contrast, or visibility, of the shimmering CD signal was 100% compared with \u226440% for B\u2010mode imaging of a single needle. Proof\u2010of\u2010principle for automated applicator digitization using only the CD signal was demonstrated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The color VISION prototype devices successfully coupled mechanical vibrations into brachytherapy needles to generate US CD shimmering and accurately highlight brachytherapy needle locations. The high contrast and natively registered signal are promising for future work to automate the needle digitization and provide a real\u2010time visual overlay of the applicator on the B\u2010mode US image.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T09:23:49Z","timestamp":1713345829000},"page":"4340-4350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Color VISION for improved ultrasound visualization of brachytherapy needles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Justine M.","family":"Dupere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric E.","family":"Brost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew E.","family":"Hainy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Engineering Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine U.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew W.","family":"Urban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bradley J.","family":"Stish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Deufel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jncimonographs\/lgs035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2011.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/jcb.2017.67456"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2013.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000099527.299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.16138"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BRACHY.2012.03.00"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360\u20103016(99)00477\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051\u20100443(07)61429\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/JUM.2013.32.1.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/CRAD.2000.0707"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0B013E3182973"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00270\u2010021\u201002783\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.168.1.8976955"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2334309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103475"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2014.2321777"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2007.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548\u2010014\u20100987\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"OrlandoN SnirJ BarkerK HooverD FensterA Wireless oscillating device for power Doppler\u2010based interstitial needle tip identification.Proceedings SPIE 11602 Medical Imaging 2021: Ultrasonic Imaging and Tomography. Vol116020J.SPIE;2021. doi:10.1117\/12.2581103","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2581103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042\u20106989(93)90049\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2022.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.14508"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2019.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.16336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"OrlandoN SnirJ BarkerK HooverD FensterA Power Doppler ultrasound imaging with mechanical perturbation for improved intraoperative needle tip identification during prostate brachytherapy: a phantom study.Proceedings SPIE 10951 Medical Imaging 2019: Image\u2010Guided Procedures Robotic Interventions and Modeling. Vol1095131.SPIE;2019. doi:10.1117\/12.2513082","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2513082"}],"container-title":["Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mp.17083","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T00:23:32Z","timestamp":1755908612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mp.17083"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mp.17083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mp.17083","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0094-2405","2473-4209"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0094-2405"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2473-4209"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}