{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:37:30Z","timestamp":1791581850780,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Achieving a clinically acceptable dose distribution with commercial vaginal applicators for brachytherapy of recurrent parauterine tumors is challenging. However, the application of three\u2010dimensional (3D) printing technology in brachytherapy has been widely acknowledged and can improve clinical treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to introduce an individual curved\u2010needle interstitial template (ICIT) created using 3D printing technology for high\u2010dose\u2010rate (HDR) brachytherapy with interstitial treatment to provide a clinically feasible approach to distal parauterine and vaginal cuff tumors. The entire workflow, including the design, optimization, and application, is presented.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten patients with pelvic cancer recurrence were examined at our center. The vaginal topography was filled with gauze strips soaked in developer solution, and images were obtained using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Curved needle paths were designed, and ICITs were 3D\u2010printed according to the high\u2010risk clinical target volume (HRCTV) and vaginal filling model. The dose and volume histogram parameters of the HRCTV (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>100<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>200<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>, and <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>98<\/jats:sub>) and organs at risk (OARs) (<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2cc<\/jats:sub>) were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients completed interstitial brachytherapy treatment with the 3D\u2010printed ICIT. One patient experienced vaginal cuff tumor recurrence, and nine patients experienced parametrial tumor recurrence (four on the left and five on the right). We used two to five interstitial needles, and the maximum angle of the curved needle was 40\u00b0. No source obstruction events occurred during treatment of these 10 patients. The doses delivered to the targets and OARs of all patients were within the dose limits and based on clinical experience at our center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ICIT is a treatment option for patients with distal parauterine tumor recurrence. This method addresses the limitations of vaginal intracavitary and standard interstitial applicators. The ICIT has the advantages of biocompatibility, personalization, and magnetic resonance imaging compatibility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T18:59:28Z","timestamp":1726685968000},"page":"596-604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Individual curved\u2010needle interstitial template created using three\u2010dimensional printing for brachytherapy for distal parauterine tumor recurrence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunli","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; 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