{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T16:46:45Z","timestamp":1783442805161,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Anatomical changes present a major source of uncertainty in head and neck (H&N) cancer treatment. Accurate modeling of these changes is important for enhancing treatment precision and supporting better\u00a0outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n The purpose of this study is to assess different anatomical uncertainty modeling methods in robust optimization for H&N cancer proton\u00a0therapy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This retrospective study involved five nasopharynx radiotherapy patients. We compared conventional robust optimization with anatomical robust optimization (aRO): (1) conventional robust optimization (cRO\u20103\u00a0mm), which used 3\u00a0mm setup shift and 3% range uncertainty. (2) aRO_AM which used three predicted images from an AM capturing systematic anatomical changes, with a 1\u00a0mm setup shift and 3% range uncertainty. (3) aRO_PM, which used three predicted images from a probability model (PM) capturing the most probable deformations, also with a 1\u00a0mm setup shift and 3% range uncertainty. We assessed weekly dose coverage of the clinical target volumes (CTVs). Normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for grade 2 xerostomia and grade 2 dysphagia were calculated using the accumulated nominal dose (without errors).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n aRO_PM outperformed cRO\u20103\u00a0mm and aRO_AM, consistently achieving V94 95% for all cases across treatment weeks. Additionally, aRO_PM reduced the NTCP for grade 2 xerostomia by an average of 4.88\u00a0%, with a maximum reduction of 8.03%, and reduced the NTCP for grade 2 dysphagia by an average of 1.80%, with a maximum reduction of 4.23\u00a0%.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The PM demonstrates potential for improving robust optimization by effectively managing anatomical uncertainties in H&N cancer proton therapy, thereby enhancing treatment\u00a0effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T06:35:34Z","timestamp":1740119734000},"page":"4585-4589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Enhancing accuracy in proton therapy: The impact of geometric uncertainty models in head and neck cancer treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0187-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark Ka Heng","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University Nebraska Medical Center Omaha USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15971"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/57\/11\/R99"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2023.100625"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aca877"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S53639"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2018.08.03"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30683\/1927-7229.2020.09.06"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26502\/jsr.10020247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ac5fe2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14338\/IJPT-20-00089.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"215032","article-title":"Robust optimization incorporating weekly predicted anatomical CTs in IMPT of nasopharyngeal cancer","volume":"69","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/acd433"}],"container-title":["Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mp.17698","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T08:06:57Z","timestamp":1762934817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mp.17698"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mp.17698"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mp.17698","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0094-2405","2473-4209"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0094-2405","type":"print"},{"value":"2473-4209","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}