{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:16:12Z","timestamp":1783116972113,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011759","name":"Str\u00e5ls\u00e4kerhetsmyndigheten","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SSM2022\u20106507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SSM2022\u20106507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011759","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012538","name":"Swedish Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["240927FK"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["240927FK"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012538","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012538","name":"Swedish Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["243786PJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["243786PJ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012538","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Physics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Independent verification of the manufacturer\u2010provided dosimetry data for\n 106<\/jats:sup>\n Ru ophthalmic brachytherapy applicators is crucial for safe and accurate treatment, yet a standardized, traceable method for clinical absolute dosimetry has been lacking.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n This work establishes a complete framework for traceable absorbed dose to water measurements of\n 106<\/jats:sup>\n Ru eye plaques in absolute units of Gray, complementing the high\u2010precision BetaCheck\u2010106\u2122 setup with a robust detector calibration methodology independent of the source manufacturer.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Three microSilicon diode detectors were calibrated in traceable\n 60<\/jats:sup>\n Co and 6 MeV electron reference beams. Depth\u2010dose measurements for four CCB\u2010type\n 106<\/jats:sup>\n Ru plaques were performed in water using the BetaCheck\u2010106\u2122 setup. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were employed to calculate depth\u2010dependent beam quality correction factors which account for the detector's response in the\n 106<\/jats:sup>\n Ru field relative to the calibration beams. The method was validated against measurements performed at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) using alanine dosimetry. MC simulations were also used to investigate the water\u2010equivalence of the NPL alanine\/PMMA phantom setup.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The MC\u2010calculated correction factors for the diodes showed a significant depth\u2010dependence, underscoring the necessity of such corrections in the steep\n 106<\/jats:sup>\n Ru depth\u2010dose gradient. The dose rates determined with the calibrated diodes were in agreement with the NPL alanine results. Both methods yielded dose rates systematically lower than those provided in the manufacturer's certificates, though generally within the stated uncertainties. The MC simulations revealed substantial non\u2010water equivalence correction factors for the alanine\/PMMA phantom, highlighting the advantage of direct measurements in water.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n We present a novel, comprehensive methodology for independent and traceable absolute dosimetry of\n 106<\/jats:sup>\n Ru applicators. By combining a dedicated water phantom setup with diode detectors calibrated against external beam standards and MC\u2010derived correction factors, this framework empowers clinical users to perform robust verification measurements, filling a critical gap in the quality assurance of ocular brachytherapy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.70381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T13:20:17Z","timestamp":1774790417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Independent verification of vendor\u2010issued dosimetric data for\n 106<\/sup>\n Ru brachytherapy using diode detectors with traceability to external beam standards for absorbed dose to water"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Simon","family":"Dahlander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical Physics Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilias","family":"Billas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Physical Laboratory Teddington UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Physical Laboratory Teddington UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Bass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Physical Laboratory Teddington UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Swedish Radiation Safety Authority Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5sa Carlsson","family":"Tedgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical Physics Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences Link\u00f6ping University Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"The GEC ESTRO Handbook of Brachytherapy\u2014Ch.31: Uveal Melanoma","author":"Tagliaferri L","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Clinical Dosimetry\u2014Beta Radiation Sources for Brachytherapy","author":"ISO","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1376441"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13488"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.70404"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.61092\/iaea.ve7q-y94k"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3110068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3675401"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.12694"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/36\/7\/005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"BassG PalmerM.The development of a calibration service for ophthalmic applicators at NPL. 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