{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T18:21:35Z","timestamp":1784053295885,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,7]],"date-time":"2002-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1036627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med. Pediatr. Oncol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>MyoD1 and myogenin are differentially expressed in early myogenesis and have been identified in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). This study evaluates reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) for MyoD1 and myogenin mRNA as diagnostic markers of RMS, and the potential application of this method for the detection of small volume disease in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Expression of MyoD1 and myogenin mRNA was examined by RT\u2010PCR in RMSs (9 alveolar RMS, 10 embryonal RMS, 1 pleomorphic RMS), and 21 other paediatric tumor samples (10 neuroblastoma, 10 Ewing sarcomas, and 1 Sarcoma (not otherwise specified) (S(NOS)). BM (n\u2009=\u200919) and PB (n\u2009=\u200922) samples from the same RMS study population were also examined for MyoD1 and myogenin mRNA expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive expression of both markers was demonstrated in adult muscle, but not in normal PB. Myogenin mRNA was expressed in 16\/18 and MyoD1 mRNA in 12\/12 RMSs studied. Myogenin was not expressed in 10\/10 neuroblastomas, but was present in 2\/10 Ewing sarcomas. However, MyoD1 mRNA was detected in 10\/10 Ewing sarcomas and 7\/10 neuroblastomas. Myogenin mRNA was detected in two BM samples from children with histologically negative BM and in 1\/22 PB samples. Detection of MyoD1 mRNA in BM and PB was compromised by the amplification of a similar sized, non\u2010specific product.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Myogenin mRNA is a more specific marker than MyoD1 for the diagnosis of RMS. Myogenin mRNA is potentially a useful target for the assessment of small volume disease in RMS. Med Pediatr Oncol 2003;40:1\u20138, \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.10201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,11]],"date-time":"2002-11-11T13:46:00Z","timestamp":1037022360000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Myogenin\u2014A more specific target for RT\u2010PCR detection of rhabdomyosarcoma than MyoD1"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Maria P.","family":"Michelagnoli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Burchill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Cullinane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Selby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian J.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"799","volume-title":"Principles and practice of pediatric oncology","author":"Wexler LH","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.3.610"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840115)53:2<368::AID-CNCR2820530233>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"205","article-title":"Life after relapse? A retrospective review of outcome","volume":"31","author":"Michelagnoli MP","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Pediatr Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-5379(91)90070-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19960915)78:6<1320::AID-CNCR22>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"26","article-title":"The diagnosis and classification of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma","volume":"11","author":"Tsokos M","year":"1994","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"572","article-title":"Rhabdomyosarcoma: Clinical and pathological features and comparison with human fetal and embryonal skeletal muscle","volume":"52","author":"Patton RB","year":"1961","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1846704"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90585-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.3.5.628"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"1283","article-title":"Myogenic regulatory protein (MyoD1) expression in childhood solid tumours: Diagnostic utility in rhabdomyosarcoma","volume":"137","author":"Dias P","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"5100","article-title":"Muscle\u2010specific gene expression in rhabdomyosarcomas and stages of human fetal skeletal muscle development","volume":"51","author":"Tonin PN","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"1799","article-title":"Expression of myogenic regulatory proteins (myogenin and MyoD1) in small blue round cell tumors of childhood","volume":"147","author":"Wang NP","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1827.1999.00825.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19980619)79:3<288::AID-IJC14>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"4701","article-title":"Sensitive detection of rare circulating neuroblastoma cells by the reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction","volume":"52","author":"Mattano LA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.3.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.4.725"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"577","article-title":"Detection of the MyoD1 transcript in rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines and tumor samples by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction","volume":"152","author":"Frascella E","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1995.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690155"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)77244-X","article-title":"Myogenin contains two domains conserved among myogenic factors","volume":"265","author":"Fujisawa\u2010Sehara A","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(84)80127-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1993.1239"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199311000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/scbi.1996.0002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000333528"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","first-page":"101","article-title":"In\u2010situ polymerase chain reaction: Foundation of the technology and today's options","volume":"42","author":"Long AA","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Histochem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1987.5.1.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.2950170308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1995.324"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","first-page":"5054s","article-title":"Tumor invasion and metastasis: An imbalance of positive and negative regulation","volume":"51","author":"Liotta LA","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.5.1707","article-title":"Presence of tumor cells in bone marrow but not in blood is associated with adverse prognosis in patients with Ewing tumours. Societe Francaise d'Oncologie Pediatrique","volume":"16","author":"Fagnou C","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(95)00053-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19870815)60:4<910::AID-CNCR2820600433>3.0.CO;2-8"}],"container-title":["Medical and Pediatric Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmpo.10201","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mpo.10201","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T16:59:49Z","timestamp":1700240389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mpo.10201"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,7]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mpo.10201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mpo.10201","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-1532","1096-911X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0098-1532","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-911X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,7]]}}}