{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T22:27:27Z","timestamp":1767220047044,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,16]],"date-time":"2001-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":995241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med. Pediatr. Oncol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a wellknown risk among patients with deficient T\u2010cell function such as children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk for PCP during maintenance treament (MT) to identify patients at risk who could benefit from prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Procedure<\/jats:title><jats:p>We registered all episodes of PCP during MT in 71 children diagnosed between January 1992 and June 1997 with non\u2010B\u2010cell ALL at The Copenhagen University Hospital. Sulphametoxazole and trimetroprim (SMX\/TMP) prophylaxis against PCP was given during induction and consolidation therapy but stopped prior to MT with oral methotrexate\/6\u2010mercaptopurine. Patients with standard (SR), intermediate (IR), and high risk (HR) ALL started MT at 3, 8, and 15 months from diagnosis, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The HR group had a cumulated risk of 70% for developing PCP, whereas the risk for PCP in children with IR and the SR was 11 and 8%, respectively (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). All but one of these 13 cases of PCP occurred within 8 months after cessation of SMX\u2010TMP prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The higher incidence of PCP among HR compared to non\u2010HR patients following cessation of SMX\/TMP prophylaxis probably reflects the significantly longer T\u2010cell suppressive consolidation therapy in this group. The very low incidence of PCP during the later part of MT emphasizes that methotrexate\/6\u2010mercaptopurine MT have more impact on B\u2010cell than on T\u2010cell function. TMP\/SMX prophylaxis should be recommended for all children treated for ALL. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 37:20\u201323, 2001. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.1157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,27]],"date-time":"2004-10-27T14:50:20Z","timestamp":1098888620000},"page":"20-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during maintenance treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Anja","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann Kathrin","family":"Demeny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte Bang","family":"Plum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim Gjerum","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjeld","family":"Schmiegelow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","unstructured":"LundgrenB.Pneumocystis carinii antegenic immunological and molecular characterization. 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