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Not surprisingly then, little information is available regarding the treatment of this disease, which presents a challenge to the clinician when it is regionally confined. The majority of patients with extrapulmonary small\u2010cell neoplasms have only been treated with local modalities of therapy, surgery, radiation, or a combination of both. Prolonged survival is not infrequent, which is in contrast to the experience for small\u2010cell lung cancer and surprising given our current systemic approach to patients with this disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This report will summarize the similarities and differences in biology, natural history, and clinical characteristics of patients with extrapulmonary small\u2010cell cancer and smallcell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. The histogenesis of small\u2010cell cancer is briefly reviewed. A general therapeutic approach to patients with small\u2010cell lung cancer is reported. Lastly, recommendations for therapy of patients with regionally confined extrapulmonary small\u2010cell cancer by primary site are outlined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.2950200202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T18:21:47Z","timestamp":1171995707000},"page":"89-99","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Extrapulmonary and pulmonary small\u2010cell carcinoma: Tumor biology, therapy, and outcome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Scot C.","family":"Remick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Ruckdeschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700290304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-7372(77)80001-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1988.6.3.451","article-title":"Cisplatin plus etoposide consolidation following cyclophosphamide doxorubicin and vincristine in limited smallcell lung cancer","volume":"6","author":"Einhorn LH","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"323","article-title":"Small\u2010cell lung cancer. 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