{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T04:07:52Z","timestamp":1789531672488,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,13]],"date-time":"2013-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Methods Psych Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>: Efforts to develop and validate fully\u2010structured diagnostic interviews of mental disorders in non\u2010Western countries have been largely unsuccessful. However, the principled methods of translation, harmonization, and calibration that have been developed by cross\u2010national survey methodologists have never before been used to guide such development efforts. The current report presents the results of a rigorous program of research using these methods designed to modify and validate the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) for an epidemiological survey in Nepal. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>: A five\u2010step process of translation, harmonization, and calibration was used to modify the instrument. A blinded clinical reappraisal design was used to validate the instrument. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: Preliminary interviews with local mental health expert led to a focus on major depressive episode, mania\/hypomania, panic disorder, post\u2010traumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and intermittent explosive disorder. After an iterative process of multiple translations\u2010revisions guided by the principles developed by cross\u2010national survey methodologists, lifetime DSM\u2010IV diagnoses based on the final Nepali CIDI had excellent concordance with diagnoses based on blinded Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV (SCID) clinical reappraisal interviews. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>: Valid assessment of mental disorders can be achieved with fully\u2010structured diagnostic interviews even in low\u2010income non\u2010Western settings with rigorous implementation of replicable developmental strategies. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,14]],"date-time":"2013-03-14T08:06:06Z","timestamp":1363248366000},"page":"71-81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Modifying and validating the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) for use in Nepal"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Dirgha J.","family":"Ghimire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Studies Center and Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Chardoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald 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