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This work addresses such variability in a general population cohort and associations with depression. Analyses were based on the cross\u2010sectional SHIP\u2010LEGEND examination among 2265 adults (29\u201389 years). Childhood maltreatment was multi\u2010dimensionally assessed with the German 28\u2010item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ): emotional neglect; emotional abuse; physical neglect; physical abuse; sexual abuse. Non\u2010linear associations between CTQ responses and age were assessed with fractional polynomials and cubic splines. Scale properties were analysed with confirmatory factor analyses and item response models. Associations between childhood maltreatment domains and depression [Beck Depression Inventory\u2010II (BDI\u2010II)] were assessed. The majority (58.9%) reported events indicative of at least mild levels of childhood maltreatment. CTQ subscales showed characteristically different non\u2010linear associations to age across the five studied domains, indicating methodological issues like recall bias and the influence of seminal events. Psychometric scale properties were acceptable to good for all subscales except for physical neglect. Associations to depression measures varied systematically across socio\u2010demographic strata. We conclude that socio\u2010demographic variability is a major issue when studying self\u2010reported childhood maltreatment in a community sample. This needs to be taken into account for the study of associations to psychiatric key outcomes. 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