{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T00:08:29Z","timestamp":1700179709573},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,24]],"date-time":"2006-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":782,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Methods Psych Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reliability of the diagnosis of bipolar\u2010II disorder (BP\u2010II) is still a problem. Semi\u2010structured interviews by clinicians might partly overcome this problem. The aims of this study were to find the degree of agreement in the diagnosis of BP\u2010II between the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV (SCID) and a semi\u2010structured interview based on Angst's hypomania checklist (Angst et al., 2003), and to assess the priority among hypomanic symptoms for the diagnosis of BP\u2010II. Remitted depression outpatients (N = 102) were interviewed during a follow\u2010up visit using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV (SCID), and then with Angst's semi\u2010structured interview, following DSMIV criteria. Bipolar I (BP\u2010I) patients were excluded. Using the SCID, 29 patients were diagnosed BP\u2010II, 26 BP\u2010I, and 47 major depressive disorder (MDD). By the semi\u2010structured interview 69 patients were diagnosed BP\u2010II, 33 MDD, and none BP\u2010I. Agreement for the diagnosis of BP\u2010II between the two interviews was 53.9% (k = 0.18). Re\u2010analysis, after deleting the SCID question on the impact on functioning (DSM\u2010IV unclear boundary between BP\u2010I and BP\u2010II), increased agreement to 78.4% (k = 0.55). Elevated mood and overactivity (increased goal\u2010directed activity) had the lowest agreement (k = 0.46\u20130.49). For predicting BP\u2010II, overactivity had the highest sensitivity (94.2%), while elevated mood had a sensitivity of 84.0%. Multivariate analysis for predicting BP\u2010II (diagnosed by semi\u2010structured interview), including all DSM\u2010IV hypomanic symptoms, found that mood change and overactivity were the only independent predictors. Overactivity plus at least three symptoms (as suggested by Angst and Gamma, 2002) were present in 71 patients, of whom 91.5% also met DSM\u2010IV criteria for hypomania. Overactivity and elevated mood were strongly associated (but not overactivity and irritability). Findings may support a diagnosis of BP\u2010II based on Angst's semi\u2010structured interview versus the fully structured SCID interview. While DSM\u2010IV always requires mood change for the diagnosis of hypomania, the present findings may suggest that overactivity could have the same priority, as suggested by Angst et al. (2003) and by Akiskal et al. (1977, 2001, 2003). Copyright \u00a9 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,24]],"date-time":"2006-03-24T14:51:39Z","timestamp":1143211899000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Toward better probing for hypomania of bipolar\u2010II disorder by using Angst's checklist"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Franco","family":"Benazzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702005810"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4S","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199604001-00002","article-title":"The prevalent clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders: beyond DSM\u2010IV","volume":"16","author":"Akiskal HS","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/047084650X.ch1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00318-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(01)00441-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(00)00203-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950140032004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.134.11.1227"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00330-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder","volume":"159","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1981.01780290034003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00322-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.4.s1.1.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(98)00142-6"},{"issue":"30","key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1192\/S0007125000298383","article-title":"Comorbidity of mood disorders: a longitudinal prospective study","volume":"168","author":"Angst J","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810330031005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(00)90142-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004060170065"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(03)00198-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","article-title":"Level of functioning in hypomania of bipolar II disorder","author":"Benazzi F","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00327-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00333-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799008892"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(92)90044-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"219","volume-title":"Bipolar disorders. 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