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This study applied a novel meta\u2010analytic approach to data of cocaine dependence medications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 4 placebo\u2010controlled RCTs (Reserpine, Modafinil, Buspirone, and Ondansetron) were obtained from the National Institute of Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0456). The RCT samples were weighted to resemble treatment\u2010seeking patients (Treatment Episodes Data Set\u2010Admissions) and individuals with cocaine dependence in general population (National Survey on Drug Use and Health). We synthesized the generalized outcomes with pairwise meta\u2010analysis using individual\u2010level data and compared the generalized outcomes across the 4 RCTs with network meta\u2010analysis using study\u2010level data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Weighting the data by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health generalizability weight made the overall population effect on retention significantly larger than the RCT sample effect. However, there was no significant difference between the population effect and the RCT sample effect on abstinence. Weighting changed the ranking of the effectiveness across treatments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Applying generalizability weights to meta\u2010analytic studies is feasible and potentially provides a useful tool in assessing comparative effectiveness of treatments for substance use disorders in target populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T20:30:27Z","timestamp":1519245027000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparing pharmacological treatments for cocaine dependence: Incorporation of methods for enhancing generalizability in meta\u2010analytic studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0444-5368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryoko","family":"Susukida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Mental Health Policy and Evaluation, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry  Kodaira Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa M.","family":"Crum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hwanhee","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Stuart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramin","family":"Mojtabai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","article-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000","journal-title":"Text"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199403000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0810"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0810"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986712803988947"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.3.264"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.01943.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. 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