{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T23:49:22Z","timestamp":1790034562810,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006014","name":"College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31M201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31M201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006014","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["178027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["178027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Methods Psych Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biomarkers of major depressive disorder (MDD), its phases and forms have long been sought. Objectives were to examine whether the complexity of EEG activity, measured by Higuchi's fractal dimension (HFD) and sample entropy (SampEn), differs between healthy subjects, patients in remission, and in episode phase of the recurrent depression and whether the changes are differentially distributed between hemispheres and cortical regions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resting state EEG with eyes closed was recorded from 22 patients suffering from recurrent depression (11 in remission, 11 in the episode), and 20 age and sex\u2010matched healthy control subjects. Artifact\u2010free EEG epochs were analyzed by in\u2010house developed programs running HFD and SampEn algorithms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Depressed patients had higher HFD and SampEn complexity compared to healthy subjects. The complexity was higher in patients who were in remission than in those in the acute episode. Altered complexity was present in the frontal and centro\u2010parietal regions when compared to control group. The complexity in frontal and parietal regions differed between the two phases of depressive disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complexity measures of EEG distinguish between the healthy controls, patients in remission and episode. Further studies are needed to establish whether these measures carry a potential to aid clinically relevant decisions about depression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T07:40:38Z","timestamp":1575963638000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Nonlinear analysis of EEG complexity in episode and remission phase of recurrent depression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Milena","family":"\u010cuki\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Physiology and Biophysics, School of Biology University of Belgrade  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9095-5286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miodrag","family":"Stoki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Life Activities Advancement Center  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slavoljub","family":"Radenkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division for Back\u2010End Development, TomTom  Amsterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milo\u0161","family":"Ljubisavljevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences UAE University  Al Ain United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slobodan","family":"Simi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Forensic Psychiatry, Institute for Mental Health  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danka","family":"Savi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Theoretical and Condensed Matter Physics 020\/2, Vin\u010da Institute University of Belgrade  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000438457"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2012.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akar S. A. Kara S. Agambayev S. &Bilgic V.(2015).Nonlinear analysis of EEG in major depression with fractal dimensions. In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) (pp. 7410\u20137413). IEEE. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/EMBC.2015.7320104","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2015.7320104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2003.00149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/251638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2017.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpr057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2009.02030.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2004.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-013-3541-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","volume-title":"EEG machine learning with Higuchi fractal dimension and sample entropy as features for successful detection of depression","author":"\u010cuki\u0107 M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2004.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.12.024"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"466","article-title":"Complexity and irregularity in the brain oscillations of depressive patients: A systematic review","volume":"7","author":"La Torre\u2010Luque A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/23\/1\/201"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/81.904882"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219519414500353"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2006.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2017.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(01)00266-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsu042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(88)90081-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2012.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-1904-8_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-012-0913-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1753-4631-1-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01385"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2011.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199401120-00042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2006.00375.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","first-page":"H1643","article-title":"Physiological time\u2010series analysis: What does regularity quantify?","volume":"266","author":"Pincus S. M.","year":"1994","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1993.tb02081.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219519412400192"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","first-page":"420","article-title":"Analysis of EEG signals using wavelet entropy and approximate entropy: A case study on depression patients","volume":"8","author":"Puthankattil S. D.","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.78.1213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.2000.278.6.H2039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Is prior course of illness relevant to acute or longer\u2010term outcomes in depressed out\u2010patients? A STAR*D report","volume":"19","author":"Rush A. J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","volume-title":"Endocrine psychiatry: Solving the riddle of melancholia","author":"Shorter E.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.2.229"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02345811"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.4.615"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.07.006"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","first-page":"419","article-title":"What can biosignal entropy tell us about health and disease? Application in some clinical fields","volume":"19","author":"Vargas B.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology and Life Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2011.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2017). Depression and other common mental disorders. Available fromhttp:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/254610\/1\/WHO-MSD-MER-2017.2-eng.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.05.018"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmpr.1816","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mpr.1816","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mpr.1816","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mpr.1816","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T10:53:55Z","timestamp":1693997635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mpr.1816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mpr.1816"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mpr.1816","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-8931","1557-0657"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-8931","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-0657","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-08-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e1816"}}