{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:46:30Z","timestamp":1767707190191},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,14]],"date-time":"2007-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1179100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Methods Psych Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Drug\u2010related social role impairments and social maladaptation are referenced explicitly in the case definitions for drug dependence within DSM\u2010IV\u2010TR. Nonetheless, cases of drug dependence without this type of secondary consequence have been observed in recent epidemiological studies. When an \u2018impairment\/maladaptation gating\u2019 approach has been taken during recent large\u2010scale psychiatric surveys (for example, to reduce participant fatigue or burden), the net effect may include (a) a reduced number of identified drug dependence cases and (b) biases in the estimates of association linked to the occurrence of drug dependence. In this report, we probe these issues with respect to cannabis dependence, making use of data from the cross\u2010sectional United States National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a household survey of 43,093 adults aged 18 years and over. In this process, we shed light on actual impact of the gating approach mentioned above. Specifically, when we simulated a social impairment\/maladaptation \u2018gated\u2019 assessment of cannabis dependence, the end result was a very modest reduction in the estimated prevalence of cannabis dependence. It suggested that for every 10\u2009000 general population survey respondents there would be no more than 12 cases of cannabis dependence without the above\u2010referenced impairments\/maladaptations. Patterns of association linking suspected background characteristics to the prevalence of cannabis dependence were not appreciably different when the \u2018gated\u2019 and \u2018ungated\u2019 approaches were applied. In summary, there are reasons to take the ungated approach in detailed research on cannabis use and dependence. Nevertheless, in panoramic mental health surveys, the inefficiency of an \u2018ungated\u2019 approach must be balanced against the anticipated yield of cannabis dependence cases who lack social role impairments or socially maladaptive behaviours. Copyright \u00a9 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,14]],"date-time":"2007-05-14T16:47:40Z","timestamp":1179161260000},"page":"43-51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Assessing cannabis dependence in community surveys: methodological issues"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Louisa","family":"Degenhardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnr.2005.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009605"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826080009148432"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2002.00029.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00064-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"156","article-title":"Cannabis use and dependence in a New Zealand birth cohort","volume":"113","author":"Fergusson DM","year":"2000","journal-title":"New Zeal Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule\u2010DSM\u2010IV version (AUDADIS\u2010IV)","author":"Grant BF","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Source and Accuracy Statement: Wave 1 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)","author":"Grant BF","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3289(99)00006-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.4.361"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.57.11.893"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"StetserM ShepherdJ MooreT.Using the Census 2000\/2001 Supplementary Survey as a sampling frame for the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. 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