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Retrospective self\u2010reports were obtained about CRS. Precision treatment methods were used to determine whether differential resilience to persistent PTSD in the follow\u2010up surveys could be developed from pre\u2010deployment survey data in a 60% training sample and validated in a 40% test sample.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      40.8% of respondents experienced high CRS and 5.4% developed persistent PTSD. Significant test sample heterogeneity was found in resilience (\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>0<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>032<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), with average treatment effect (ATE) of high CRS in the 20% least resilient soldiers of 17.1% (SE\u00a0=\u00a05.5%) compared to ATE\u00a0=\u00a03.8% (SE\u00a0=\u00a01.2%) in the remaining 80%. The most important predictors involved recent and lifetime pre\u2010deployment distress disorders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A reliable pre\u2010deployment resilience score can be constructed to predict variation in the effects of high CRS on persistent PTSD among combat arms soldiers. Such a score could be used to target preventive interventions to reduce PTSD or other resilience\u2010related outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.70006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T12:35:50Z","timestamp":1730291750000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A prediction model for differential resilience to the effects of combat\u2010related stressors in US army soldiers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4831-2305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald C.","family":"Kessler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Policy Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Bossarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience Morsani School of Medicine Tampa University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"},{"name":"Center for Mental Health Outcomes Research Central Arkansas VA Medical Center  North Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irving","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Policy Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Luedtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7248-3054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James A.","family":"Naifeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress Uniformed Services University School of Medicine  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew K.","family":"Nock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Harvard University  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Petukhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Policy Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Sadikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Policy Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Harvard Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy A.","family":"Sampson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Policy Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Sverdrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Econometrics &amp; Business Statistics Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose R.","family":"Zubizarreta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Policy Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Wager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Business Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Survey Research Center Institute for Social Research University of Michigan\u2010Ann Arbor  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murray B.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Family Medicine and Public Health University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Ursano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress Uniformed Services University School of Medicine  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/rest_a_00732"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Athey S. 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