{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T03:40:51Z","timestamp":1792381251865,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792281600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE\u2010SC0023702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE\u2010SC0023702"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERKP886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERKP886"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Reson in Chemistry"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Lignin is a structurally complex and heterogeneous biopolymer whose in\u00a0situ architecture remains difficult to resolve because of extensive spectral overlap and structural perturbations introduced during isolation and dissolution. These challenges have limited direct interrogation of native lignin within intact plant cell walls and underscore the need for analytical approaches capable of resolving lignin structure in its native context. Here, we present a framework that assists systematic\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C solid\u2010state NMR identification of guaiacyl\u2010 and syringyl\u2010based lignin motifs, including their associated monolignol units and interunit linkages with reduced level of ambiguity directly in native lignocellulosic materials. This approach is applicable to solid\u2010state NMR analysis of\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C\u2010enriched plant systems or dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) analysis of unlabeled plant samples. By compiling and organizing diagnostic chemical shift patterns for syringyl and guaiacyl units across selected major linkage types, we delineate regions of uniqueness and overlap in 2D\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C correlation spectra. The scope is restricted to G\/S\u2010based lignin mapping, with applications to Arabidopsis, hardwoods, and softwoods. Application to\n                    <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>\n                    wild\u2010type and lignin mutants, as well as to the hardwood species poplar and eucalyptus and the softwood spruce, reveals species\u2010, genotype\u2010, and developmental stage\u2010dependent structural variations. The analysis further highlights the uncertainty arising from the structural complexity of the lignin network and demonstrates the need for higher dimensional correlation approaches for assignment of lignin structure. This work establishes a reference for the continued development of solid\u2010state NMR\u2010based G\/S lignin analysis and advances the ability to interrogate native lignin architecture in intact plant cell walls.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrc.70145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T03:14:28Z","timestamp":1792379668000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Navigating Guaiacyl and Syringyl Lignin Structural Complexity in Intact Plant Cell Walls Through\n                    <sup>13<\/sup>\n                    C Chemical Shift Mapping by Two\u2010Dimensional Solid\u2010State NMR"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debkumar","family":"Debnath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan Archer","family":"Dingwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Physical Sciences Sunnybrook Research Institute  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malitha C.","family":"Dickwella Widanage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Physical Sciences Sunnybrook Research Institute  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2554-1447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunqiao","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  Oak Ridge Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1801-924X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.54.031902.134938","article-title":"Lignin Biosynthesis","volume":"54","author":"Boerjan W.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annual Review of Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.155119","article-title":"Lignin Biosynthesis and Structure","volume":"153","author":"Vanholme R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcv046","article-title":"The Cell Biology of Lignification in Higher Plants","volume":"115","author":"Barros J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.15537","article-title":"Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis","volume":"221","author":"Zhong R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-102209-163508","article-title":"The Genetics of Lignin Biosynthesis: Connecting Genotype to Phenotype","volume":"44","author":"Bonawitz N. D.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annual Review of Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","article-title":"Lignin\u2010Based Barrier Restricts Pathogens to the Infection Site and Confers Resistance in Plants","volume":"38","author":"Lee M.\u2010H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"EMBO Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcu140","article-title":"Secondary Cell Walls: Biosynthesis, Patterned Deposition and Transcriptional Regulation","volume":"56","author":"Zhong R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant & Cell Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","article-title":"Current Understanding of the Correlation of Lignin Structure With Biomass Recalcitrance","volume":"4","author":"Li M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Chemistry"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.190215","article-title":"Lignin Biosynthesis: Old Roads Revisited and New Roads Explored","volume":"9","author":"Dixon R. 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