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The addition of \u03b2\u2010endorphin (\u03b2\u2010end) to oocytes cultured in hormonally\u2010supplemented in vitro maturation (IVM) medium had no effect on the rates of oocytes reaching the metaphase II (MII) stage, but significantly decreased the maturation rate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and arrested oocytes at metaphase I (MI) after culture in hormone\u2010free medium (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Naloxone (Nx) reverted this inhibitory effect of \u03b2\u2010end. Moreover, Nx \u201cper se\u201d showed a dose\u2010dependent dual effect. When added at high concentration (10<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> M), it significantly reduced the rate of oocytes in MII (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), thus increasing the rate of oocytes arrested in MI. However, Nx added at low concentration (10<jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup> M) significantly increased oocyte maturation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). High concentration of Nx induced an increase in both intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) and in the activity of the mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase (MAPK) also called extracellular\u2010regulated kinase (ERK) in cumulus cells of bovine COCs. Blocking the rise in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> with the calcium chelator acetoxymethylester\u2010derived form of bis (<jats:italic>o<\/jats:italic>\u2010aminophenoxy) ethane\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2032,<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2032\u2010tetraacetic acid (BAPTA\u2010AM) reversed the Nx\u2010dependent inhibition of meiotic maturation observed at high Nx concentrations. Whereas blocking ERK with the MAPK\/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor, PD98059, had no effect on this process. Therefore, we concluded that the \u03bc\u2010opioid receptor, by inducing [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> increase, participates in the cumulus\u2010oocyte coupled signaling associated with oocyte maturation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 63: 210\u2013222, \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.10163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,5]],"date-time":"2002-09-05T19:39:28Z","timestamp":1031254768000},"page":"210-222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Effects of \u03b2\u2010endorphin and Naloxone on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"M.E.","family":"Dell'Aquila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Casavola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.J.","family":"Reshkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Albrizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Maritato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Minoia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.46.27489"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"899","article-title":"In vitro maturation, fertilization of follicular oocytes in cattle","volume":"9","author":"Barile VL","year":"1990","journal-title":"Boll Soc Ital Biol Sperim"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"865","article-title":"Amenorrea in drug dependance","volume":"74","author":"Bellati U","year":"1983","journal-title":"Minerva Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1999.9526"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2709"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.43.26815"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Endogenous opioid peptide receptors","author":"Corbett A","year":"1999","journal-title":"Tocris Cookson Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Gamete development and functions","author":"Dai Y","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod59.5.1195"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Dell'AquilaME LacalandraGM AlbrizioM GuaricciA MaritatoF MinoiaP.2001.Effects of Naloxone on in vitro maturation and cleavage of equine oocytes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). 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