{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:16:36Z","timestamp":1790813796883,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,27]],"date-time":"2011-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Government of India"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Reproduction Devel"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>WFDC (<jats:styled-content>W<\/jats:styled-content>hey Acidic Protein <jats:styled-content>F<\/jats:styled-content>our <jats:styled-content>D<\/jats:styled-content>isulfide <jats:styled-content>C<\/jats:styled-content>ore)\u2010containing proteins have been reported in many species, yet they remain uncharacterized in the rat. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of four rat <jats:italic>Wfdc<\/jats:italic> genes, <jats:italic>Wfdc6a<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Wfdc8<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Wfdc11<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Wfdc16.<\/jats:italic> Their expression profile in a variety of tissues including the male reproductive tract is analyzed. <jats:italic>Wfdc8<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Wfdc11<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Wfdc16<\/jats:italic> expression is confined to the epididymis, while <jats:italic>Wfdc6a<\/jats:italic> is expressed widely. Since gene expression in the male reproductive tract is largely androgen\u2010dependent, <jats:italic>Wfdc<\/jats:italic> expression was analyzed in the developing (20\u201360\u2010day\u2010old) and castrated rats. Their expression pattern in developing rats does not correlate with changes in testosterone. <jats:italic>Wfdc<\/jats:italic> genes are, however, down\u2010regulated in castrated adult rats, indicating that their dependence on androgens for expression is more pronounced in the adult than in the developing rat. To test the anti\u2010microbial potential of WFDC8, a recombinant WFDC8 C\u2010terminal protein was produced, which exhibited potent anti\u2010bacterial activity against <jats:italic>Eschericia coli<\/jats:italic>. Induction of anti\u2010microbial genes is one of the responses during infections in many organ systems. To determine if WFDCs form the components of male reproductive tract innate immunity, <jats:italic>Wfdc8<\/jats:italic> expression pattern was observed in rats challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For the first time we report the induction of <jats:italic>Wfdc8<\/jats:italic> gene expression in LPS\u2010treated rats, indicating their contributions to the innate immune functions of the male reproductive tract. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:633\u2013641, 2011. \u00a9 2011 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.21361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,8]],"date-time":"2011-07-08T23:57:24Z","timestamp":1310169444000},"page":"633-641","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Identification and characterization of <i>Wfdc<\/i> gene expression in the male reproductive tract of the 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