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The present study evaluated the possible protective role of \u03b1\u2010lipoic acid and<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylcysteine (NAC) on intensive swimming\u2010induced germ\u2010cell depletion in adult male rats. Forced exhaustive swimming of 1\u2009hr\/day, 6\u2009days\/week for 8 consecutive weeks resulted in a significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) reduction in epididymal sperm; testicular androgenic enzyme activities; and plasma and intra\u2010testicular testosterone; and produced different types of germ cells in the seminiferous epithelium cycle. Conversely, plasma corticosterone levels and sperm\u2010head abnormalities increased. Western\u2010blot analysis showed a considerable decrease in testicular StAR protein expression whereas reverse\u2010transcriptase PCR analysis showed no significant change in cytochrome P450scc (<jats:italic>Cyp11a1<\/jats:italic>) gene expression. Significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) elevation in testicular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content versus reduction in glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S\u2010transferase, and caspase\u20103 activities along with a depletion in the glutathione pool, mitochondrial membrane potential (\u25b5\u03c8<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>), and intracellular ATP generation. A considerable level of DNA damage in testicular spermatogenic cells were also noted following forced extensive swimming. Alpha\u2010lipoic acid and NAC supplementation prevented the swimming\u2010induced testicular spermatogenic and steroidogenic disorders by lowering ROS generation. We therefore conclude that intensive forced swimming causes germ\u2010cell depletion through the generation of ROS and depletion of steroidogenesis in the testis, which can be protected by the co\u2010administration of \u03b1\u2010lipoic acid and NAC.<jats:italic>Mol. Reprod. Dev. 81: 833\u2013850, 2014. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,7]],"date-time":"2014-08-07T12:50:24Z","timestamp":1407415824000},"page":"833-850","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Alpha\u2010lipoic acid and<i>N<\/i>\u2010acetylcysteine protects intensive swimming exercise\u2010mediated germ\u2010cell depletion, pro\u2010oxidant generation, and alteration of steroidogenesis in rat testis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Kuladip","family":"Jana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Medicine Bose Institute Calcutta Improvement Trust Scheme VIIM Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ananya","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Medicine Bose Institute Calcutta Improvement Trust Scheme VIIM Kolkata 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