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The sperm cannot refresh its surface, as protein translation and membrane recycling by intracellular vesicular transport have ceased upon its maturation. So, how is the sperm surface modified in the reproductive tracts and how do these processes affect fertilization? This review traces these modifications as boar sperm travels from their liberation from the Sertoli cell into the lumen of seminiferous tubules of the testis to the site of fertilization in the ampulla of the oviduct in the sow, via an artificial insemination route. The effect of sperm dilution for artificial insemination, as well as more extensive sperm processing for in vitro fertilization, cryopreservation, or sex sorting, are also discussed with respect to how these procedures affect sperm surface organization and fertilization capacity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]],"date-time":"2017-04-28T00:20:25Z","timestamp":1493338825000},"page":"822-831","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Reproductive tract modifications of the boar sperm surface"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9618-1261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart M.","family":"Gadella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Farm Animal Health and Biochemistry and Cell Biology Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod2.1.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-15-293"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2012.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.101253"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.05.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2008.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2013.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(03)00085-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gap077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-40788-3_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2012.735126"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.111.091207"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2004.09.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2014-044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9707"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"Insights into structure\u2010function correlations of ungulate seminal plasma proteins","volume":"65","author":"Calvete J. 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